中國大陸對歐盟經貿戰略—以簽訂《中歐全面投資協定》為例

由於世界貿易組織杜哈回合的多邊談判延宕，雙邊的貿易協定成為區域經濟整合的趨勢，使經濟全球化的特質朝向全球化及區域化高度重疊的型態。中國大陸也看到這個趨勢，因此在中共十八屆三中全會之後，中國國家主席習近平透過「一帶一路」倡議，全力構建開放型經濟新體制，欲使中國大陸經濟更加接軌世界，參與全球治理。歐盟是全球區域整合的核心之一，中國大陸與歐盟簽訂投資貿易協定符合構建開放型經濟新體制的目標，亦可與「一帶一路」倡議對接，將歐亞大陸的經濟連成一線。分析影響中國大陸對歐盟經貿戰略的因素，在國際層次上，除了討論國際經濟局勢及歐盟自身的經貿策略外，亦須將美國對中歐雙邊簽訂投資協定的態度列入考量；在國內層次上，中國大陸目前的經濟狀況及其應對策略也影響著中國大陸的對外戰略，而習近平的理念更是主導中國大陸政策的主要因素。

關鍵字

新古典現實主義；區域經濟整合；歐盟；習近平；開放型經濟新體制

並列摘要

As the multilateral negotiations for the Doha round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have been suspended indefinitely, signing bilateral trade agreements are becoming new trend of regional economic integration, making the characteristics of economic globalization towards a highly overlapping pattern of globalization and regionalization. China has also jumped on this bandwagon. Therefore, after the third plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), China’s President Xi Jinping made efforts to develop a new system of open economy through the “Belt and Road” initiative(BRI), in order to make China’s economy link up more with the world and participate in global governance. The European Union (EU) is one of the prominent examples of global regional integration. The signing of“CAI”between China and the EU corresponds with the goal of developing a new system of open economy and can also be connected with the BRI to link the economies of Eurasia. This paper analyzes the components that affect China’s economic and trade strategies toward the EU. At the international level, in addition to discussing the international economic situations and the EU’s own economic and trade strategies, the attitude of the United States towards the signing of“CAI”between China and the EU must also be taken into consideration. At the domestic level, China’s current economic situation and its corresponding strategies also affect China’s foreign strategy, and Xi Jinping’s political philosophy has been the main factor that dominates mainland China's policies.