- 學位論文
形塑全球治理的未來：中國對世界銀行及亞洲開發銀行的策略
Shaping the Future of Global Governance: China’s Strategy towards World Bank and Asian Development Bank
摘要
自2013年提出「一帶一路」倡議後，中國主導的基礎設施項目已從歐亞大陸、東南亞擴展到非洲、拉丁美洲和其他歐洲國家。各國意識到，該倡議暗示著中國可能會在地緣政治和經濟上擴大影響力，儘管該倡議對外宣傳是為了增強跨境聯繫和合作。一些國家已認知到發展金融（development finance）與外交政策緊密相連，為了確保國家在特定地區的影響力，他們開始對其外交政策進行調整或啟動新的發展援助計劃，以平衡中國在具有地緣政治優勢和經濟利益的地區的影響力。 儘管川普政府領導下的美國外交政策似乎對多邊主義持保留態度，並大幅削減了對國際組織的預算，但據信中國正急切地擴大其多邊合作，為「一帶一路」倡議及其作為大國的能力不斷增強奠定了基礎。 人們開始對透過多邊發展組織擴大中國影響力表示關切，因為這可能導致在組織內外執行項目時，現有的自由主義價值觀受到侵蝕，並且組織行為與現有標準不符。在此背景下，本論文旨在更深入地討論中國在多邊組織中進行部署的基本原理，重點在於其對多邊發展銀行的行為，特別是其在基礎設施開發項目的決策影響力，並且提供相關部署會如何影響當前國際秩序的規範和標準的見解。
並列摘要
After the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was proposed in 2013, China-led infrastructure projects have expanded from Eurasia, Southeast Asia, to Africa, Latin America and other European countries. States are aware that the Initiative implies possible expansion of Chinese influence geo-politically and economically although branded as enhancing cross-border connectivity and cooperation. Acknowledging that development finance is closely intertwined with foreign policies to ensure countries’ influence in specific regions, some states have started to make adjustments to their foreign policies or to launch new development aid plans to balance China’s influence in the regions they have geopolitical and economic interests. While the US foreign policy under the Trump administration seemed to hold reservations on multilateralism and experienced significant cuts on budgets for IOs, China is believed to be eagerly expanding its multilateral collaborations, laying foundations for the BRI and its growing competence as a great power. Concerns have been raised about the expanding Chinese influence through multilateral development institutions causing erosion of liberal values and unconformity of existing standards while executing projects within the institutions and beyond. On this background, this thesis aims to deeper discuss the rationales behind Chinese deployments in multilateral institutions, with a focus on its effects on multilateral development banks’ behavior especially the decision-making of their infrastructure development projects, and to provide an insight on how the deployments impact the norms and standards of the current international order.