影響正職工作者選擇額外兼差之因素

過去鮮少針對民眾在有正職條件下仍選擇做第二份工作之研究。在消費者物價指數快速飆漲、消費型態改變、房價所得比逐年提升以及新行業型態興起的情況下，許多正職工作者會選擇額外兼差，主要目的為增加收入來支付逐漸加重之經濟負擔。本文使用2017年行政院主計處家庭收支調查資料並利用Probit 模型探討經濟戶長之個人特徵、可支配所得以及非消費性支出如房貸對於兼業機率之影響。實證結果顯示男性、年齡、教育程度皆對兼差機率有正向且顯著影響力；而職業級別、從業身份為雇主、工作地點位於雙北市、本業職業為製造業或非知識密集型服務業以及本業薪資，則具有顯著負向影響力。本文再針對男女經濟戶長去做進一步分析，男性經濟戶長之實證結果與全體樣本大致無異，女性經濟戶長則具有反轉之實證結果，像是婚姻狀態為已婚對於女性經濟戶長之兼差機率有顯著負向影響，而本業從事傳統產業、合計房貸利息支出以及眷口數，則對兼差機率有顯著正向影響。

關鍵字

額外兼差；家戶特徵；性別差異；女性戶長

並列摘要

Until now, few studies have analyzed a full-time employee choosing an extra part-time job. However, many factors such as CPI soared over 20.61 % in past 16 years, changing in consumption patterns, increasing ratio of house price to income and E-commerce, express delivery services and other emerging businesses developed rapidly often affect the probability of full-time employee choosing another job. This paper use the cross-sectional data of the report on survey of family income and expenditure in 2017 and construct Probit regression model to examine the marginal effect of independent variable. The empirical results show that personal characteristics such as men, age, years of education have positive and significant influence on the probability of choosing an extra part-time job. The occupation level, employment status as boss, work place in Taipei City or New Taipei City, full-time job’s industry as manufacturing or non-KIBS and total full-time payroll have significant negative effect. Especially in female of households heads, empirical results show that the married status, total interest of the house loans and the number of dependents have considerable effect of the probability of choosing an extra part-time job.