烏克蘭頓巴斯衝突之研究 (2014-2022)

隨著頓巴斯戰爭的持續燃燒，國際的焦點也開始轉向這個地區，學者開始丟出各種疑問句：俄羅斯對頓巴斯地區到底打著怎樣的算盤？頓巴斯地區的未來究竟是如何？故本文的研究動機與目的亦油然而生，本論文試圖從歐亞主義觀點出發，說明俄羅斯的企圖，又從歷史觀點切入，企圖解釋頓巴斯地區與基輔當局的所認為的烏克蘭歷史相當分裂。另，本論文得知從歐亞主義的觀點來看，俄羅斯的行動似乎又有跡可循。這個缺乏天然屏障的巨大國家，似乎正在尋找一個自己與西方世界的緩衝地，俄羅斯想要創造一個屏障，將自己與西方隔絕開來。俄羅斯對於頓巴斯的所作所為，皆是出自於對烏克蘭這片土地與歐亞大陸長久的關注與執著，並在北約與西方的催化下，加速了自己想要一塊緩衝地的動作。另外本研究也悉數整理了俄羅斯與烏克蘭對待頓巴斯的不同態度，其中包含兩方的交換戰俘與人道救援行動等，都一再表現出俄烏雙方對頓巴斯地區情勢的重視與態度差異。俄羅斯藉由不斷加強自己在盧、頓兩地區的重要性，進而向國際社會表達其行為的正當性，而烏克蘭則以經濟制裁的手段處理頓巴斯問題，進而表達了自己不希望盧、頓兩地區分化的立場。

關鍵字

盧甘斯克；頓內茨克；頓巴斯衝突；俄羅斯；烏克蘭；歐亞主義

並列摘要

As the war in the Donbas continues to burn, the international spotlight is turning to the region, and scholars are beginning to throw up a variety of questions. What is Russia's calculus for the Donbas region? What is the future of the Donbass region? Thus, the motivation and purpose of this paper was born. The paper tries to explain Russia's intentions from the Eurasian perspective and the historical division of the Donbass region from Ukraine as perceived by the Kiev authorities from the historical perspective. On the other hand, this paper understands that Russia's actions seem to be well-founded from a Eurasian perspective. The huge country, which lacks a natural barrier, seems to be looking for a buffer zone between itself and the Western world, while Russia wants to create a barrier to isolate itself from the West. Russia's actions in the Donbas are all based on its long-standing interest in and fascination with Ukraine and Eurasia, accelerated by NATO and Western catalysts for a buffer zone. The study also compiles the different attitudes of Russia and Ukraine toward the Donbas, including prisoner exchanges and humanitarian aid operations, which repeatedly demonstrate the difference in the importance and attitude of Russia and Ukraine toward the situation in the Donbas. Russia has been strengthening its importance in the Donbas region to demonstrate the legitimacy of its actions to the international community, while Ukraine has used economic sanctions to deal with the Donbas issue, thus expressing its position that it does not want to divide the Donbas region.