- 學位論文
試析SPS協定下透明化規範之內涵與適用
An Analysis on Interpretation and Application of the Transparency Rules under Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
摘要
過去幾年以來，WTO會員認為WTO機制產生困境，會員對於WTO應進行改革之呼籲聲不斷，而提高透明化為重要議題之一。由於SPS協定保護人類、動植物生命健康之宗旨，於現代浪潮下提升其重要性，且其透明化規定深具特色，故本文欲探討SPS協定下透明化規定之規範內容，分析該等規定是否健全，足以實踐透明化規定之目的及功能。 經本文分析後發現，SPS協定下透明化規定於SPS委員會及秘書處所提供之建議與解釋，使規範更為明確；而會員針對透明化規定提出控訴的案例中，則透過小組及上訴機構的釐清，具體化SPS協定第7條及附件B之規定，從而得以發揮透明化規定效用。本文建議，若於SPS協定附件B第1項規定中，標準化公告法規之方式，並於SPS協定附件B第5項規定中，要求發布通知之會員，於考量其他會員之意見後，負有說明為何不採用該意見之義務，SPS協定下透明化規定將完善。
並列摘要
For several years, WTO members have claimed frustrations with the institution, and arguing for the reform. The WTO transparency problem is one of the major challenges. Given that the importance of the basic aim of the SPS Agreement and its specific transparency rules, the present paper seeks to answer the question about whether the transparency rules under the SPS Agreement is enough to reach the purpose and the function of transparency norms. Analysis of the results showed that the suggestions and explanations provided by the SPS Committee, WTO Secretariat as well as the DSB reports make the transparency rules under the SPS Agreement clearer and more explicit. Besides, this paper purposes that the Annex B (1) and Annex (5) of the SPS Agreement shoule be revised so as to improve the transparency rules under the SPS Agreement.