車用半導體廠商的動態競爭與創新策略—以英飛凌與意法半導體為例

半導體的創新對於人們常使用的3C產品，產生了新的定義，從電腦（Computer）、通訊（Communications）、消費性電子（Consumer Electronics），到加上汽車電子（Car）產生4C的產品定義。電動車（Electric Vehicle, EV）與混合動力電動車（Hybrid Electric Vehicle, HEV）市場的份額，從2018年市場約11.98億美金，成長到2024年將會到37.61億美金，年複合成長率（Compound Annual Growth Rate, CAGR）高達21%。因為電動車的需求逐年上升，間接讓車用晶片的需求越來越高，根據Statista統計資料庫指出，未來2020年車用電子成本占比從35%，上升到2030年50%。從較封閉的燃油車市場生態系到逐漸開放的電動車市場生態系，廠商之間進入門檻將降低許多，也代表車用市場將會競爭越來越激烈。這顯示日俱漸增的需求與車用半導體廠商之間的競爭如何去影響到車用產業的創新。而以往鮮少有關車用半導體產業去探討此產業動態競爭與創新類型可能性分析的論文。因此本研究將以探討車用半導體產業為主軸，探討領導廠商之間在車用市場的決策佈局背後原因，以及如何影響快速變遷之汽車市場的創新，也試著提供台灣廠商從ICT產業跨入進入門檻高的車用產業作為參考。本研究透過全球車用半導體領導廠商做為個案廠商，分析市場共同性與資源相似性，發現個案廠商之間在車用市場提早佈局原因，是透過相關技術合作和併購來增加自己的競爭壁壘，不只因應未來車用市場的高度需求，同時影響車用晶片及汽車產業的創新，產生了破壞式創新的可能性。關鍵字：動態競爭、市場共同性、資源相似性、破壞式創新、車用產業、車用晶片

關鍵字

動態競爭；市場共同性；資源相似性；破壞式創新；車用產業；車用晶片

並列摘要

The innovation of semiconductors has created a new definition for the 3C products that people often use for computers, Communications, Consumer Electronics to Cars the definition of 4C products. The market share of Electric Vehicles (EV) and Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) will grow from about 1.198 billion to 3.761 billion US dollars from 2018 to 2024. The CAGR (Compound Annual Growth Rate) was as high as 21% because the demand for electric vehicles and the need for automotive chips is indirectly increasing. According to the Statista statistical database from 2020 to 2030, the cost of automotive electronics will increase from 35% to 50%. From the relatively closed fuel vehicle ecosystem to the gradually opening electric vehicle ecosystem, the barriers to entry among manufacturers will be much lower, so the automotive market will become more competitive. This shows how increasing demand and competition among automotive semiconductor manufacturers affect innovation in the automotive industry. In the past, thesis less research on dynamic competition and the possibility of innovation types in this industry. Therefore, this research will focus on the automotive semiconductor industry and which reasons behind the decision-making and layout of leading manufacturers in the automotive market, and how to influence innovation in the rapidly changing automotive market. It also tries to provide Taiwanese manufacturers with a reference to the ICT（Information and Communications Technology）industry to the automotive Industry of supply chain with high barriers to entry. This research uses the global automotive semiconductor leading manufacturers as case manufacturers to analyze market commonality and resource similarity and finds that the reason for the early deployment of case manufacturers in the automotive market is to increase their own competition barriers through related technical cooperation and mergers and acquisitions. It not only responds to the high demand of the future automotive market but also affects the innovation of automotive chips and the automotive industry that creating the possibility of disruptive innovation. Keywords: Dynamic Competition、Market Commonality、Resource Similarity、Disruptive Innovation 、Automotive Industry、Automotive Chip