- 學位論文
監理沙盒《無人載具科技創新實驗計畫》之政策執行評估
Unmanned Vehicle Technology Innovation Sandbox: A policy implementation evaluation
摘要
近年來人工智慧的蓬勃發展，使得當前自動駕駛技術的進展，迎來非常快速的成長，世界各國在規劃自動駕駛技術的發展都會採取相對應的政策方案。我國107年通過《無人載具科技創新實驗條例》，政府推動無人載具科技創新監理沙盒政策，解開我國自動駕駛車只能在封閉區域測試的限制，希冀透過此政策為自動駕駛車的推動帶來相當正向的發展。為評估監理沙盒政策推動情形，本研究分析此政策推動時，申請的業者與地方政府在參與監理沙盒計畫所遭遇之困難，以期對監理沙盒的政策規劃提出實務建議。 本研究採取深度訪談法，以訪談大綱訪問12位參與監理沙盒的利害關係人 ，包括計畫規劃者、計畫管理者、計畫執行者、與計畫協助者。其中政府部門的訪談人對於新興科技的來到都抱持的積極的態度，並且在監理沙盒裡投入相當的關注與支持。執行的業者多為中小型企業，對於運作自動駕駛這項高科技的資金負擔都面臨一定程度的壓力。 本研究發現無人載具科技創新監理沙盒在執行面部分，應依申請者需求提供相對應的協助，包括保險與補助申請管道。管理面部分，計畫網站整體功能應提供更精進的作為。法律面部分，需要建立法規的可預測性環境。產業面部分，計畫偏向各地方政府為不落人後而進行低技術層面的執行，但沒辦法達到產業真正需要的技術進步。 本研究藉由無人載具科技創新監理沙盒的推動，就政府部門在新興科技監管的投入進行政策評估。提供我國未來監理沙盒政策如何持續發展與改進的建議，本研究建議政府未來推動監理沙盒政策，可從：（1）案例多元性開發、（2）建立可預測性的法規環境、（3）統一經費補助申請的管道、吸引國內外大型廠商參與監理沙盒。
並列摘要
In recent years, the prosper development of artificial intelligence brought rapid growth in the progression of autonomous driving technology, corresponding policy and programs in the development of autonomous driving technology have been adopted around the world. Taiwan promulgated the regulations on Unmanned Vehicles Technology Innovative Experimentation Act in 2018, the government then promotes unmanned vehicle technology innovation sandbox policy, and relieves the restriction that self-driving vehicles can only be tested in closed areas, in hopes of bringing positive development to autonomous driving technology. In order to understand the impact of regulatory sandbox policy, this study analyzes the difficulties encountered by the applicants and the local government whom participated in regulatory sandbox, in order to provide practical suggestions for the regulatory sandbox policy. This study interview 13 stakeholders who participated in the regulatory sandbox, including project planners, project managers, project executors, and project facilitators. Among them, interviewers from government departments all hold a positive attitude towards the arrival of new emerging technologies, gave attention and support in the regulatory sandbox program. Most of the applicants are small and medium-sized enterprises, whom all face a certain pressure on the financial burden in operating high-tech autonomous driving program. This study indicated that the unmanned vehicle technology innovation supervision sandbox should provide corresponding assistance according to the needs of applicants, including insurance and subsidy application. In the management aspect, the program website should provide more solid information. In the legal aspect, a predictable regulation environment needs to be established for new high-tech industry. Also, local governments seem to focus on extremely basic level testing in the program, giving out a main expression of not to fall behind other participant, instead of achieving technological progress goals that the industry really needs. This study evaluation government regulatory sandbox policy in autonomous driving technology, focus on how to continuously develop and improve future regulatory sandbox policy. This study suggests that there is room for improvement, based on: (1) Diversity case development (2) Establishment of a predictable regulatory environment (3) Unify the funding subsidy applications and attract large enterprises to participate in regulatory sandbox.