聚苯胺-奈米銀線/石墨烯與聚胺酯合成複合材料之導電性和物性探討

Synthesis and Investigation of Conductive Oligoanilines–silver nanowires/Graphene-PU Composite Materials

黃一庭(I-Ting Haung)

指導教授 ： 芮祥鵬

國立臺北科技大學/工程學院/有機高分子研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

本研究利用氯化鐵當二苯胺(aniline dimer)之氧化劑，藉由氧化還原的方式合成出苯胺四聚體(tetraaniline)。而因苯胺四聚體的機械性質差且加工不易，其應用受到限制。所以吾人利用具有彈性且柔軟的聚胺酯來改善。
首先以預聚合法的方式，利用醚型聚氧四亞甲基二醇(PTMO)分子量為2900作為軟鏈段，二苯甲基二異氰酸鹽(MDI)作為硬鏈段，反應生成有-NCO官能基的預聚物(prepolymer)，在其頭尾接上帶有-NH2官能基之苯胺四聚體，最後形成具有尿素基之共聚物(copolymer)。同時，本研究也添加了一些金屬或非金屬的奈米導電材料:奈米銀線和石墨烯，由於兩者本身結構和獨特的性質，可以使基材在維持彈性體的特性下，增加其複合材料之導電度，使其應用廣泛，可應用於導電、電磁波防材料、環境密封材料等各種用途。
利用了FTIR、質譜儀來鑑定共聚物的化學結構，SEM、TEM來看複合材料的微觀結構，再藉由DMA、四點探針、XRD等來探討複合材料之物性。而本研究發現當奈米銀線或石墨烯混摻在導電彈性體中，具有至少150%的延伸率，且導電度介於10-3~10-2 S/cm，且兩者導電度都會隨著彈性體的延伸率而提高。

關鍵字

苯胺四聚體 ； 聚氨酯 ； 奈米導電材料

並列摘要

The study is based on tetraaniline synthesized by using dianline as monomer and FeCl3 as a oxidant. However, tetraaniline are commonly classified as rigid, brittle, and difficult to process. And experiment method is to flexible macromolecules such as PU into conjugated polymer to make polymer composites.
The prepolymer was reacted by ether-type poly(tetramethyleneglycol)(PTMO) as soft segments and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) as hard segments with molecular weight 2900 and 250 respectively. Then the tetraaniline could connected end to end in two short of the prepolymer to form copolymers. The copolymer could be as some Nano sliverwire or graphene as addition agent while the copolymer dissolve in DMF.
The structures of nanocomposites chemical were investigated by FTIR spectra and MS. The analyze the microstructure were by SEM and TEM. The physical properties of nanocomposites were investigated by DMA, Four-point probe, and XRD. The experimental results is Nano silverwires content of 3% in the copolymer, the best conductivity for 3.60*10-2S/cm. However, stretch molecular chain in nanocomposites is orientation as the increase in conductivity.

並列關鍵字

Tetraaniline ； Polyurethane ； Nano-conductive material

參考文獻

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