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  • 學位論文

臺灣正常咬合成人軟組織外貌之研究

The study of soft tissue profile in Taiwanese adults with normal occlusion

指導教授 : 蔡吉陽
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摘要


齒顎矯正診斷與治療計劃擬定之目標,主要是為達到穩定且良好的咬合關係,並使軟組 織外貌達到協調平衡與美觀。但是理想的軟組織外貌標準會因個人、人種、種族及文化經濟 差異而有所不同;在牙齒骨骼架構上之軟組織,其厚度、長度、彈性及張力也因人而異。因 此只以牙齒及骨骼形態來作整體外貌之評估,顯然易導致顧此失彼之憾,目前臨床上所採用 的顏面軟組織外貌分析,大多採用西方人種的正常值,由於人種上所存在顱顏結構的差異性 ,直接使用西方人標準值並不恰當。骨骼與軟組織的生長,在過了青春期後仍會持續進行, 因此青春期軟組織外貌之測量分析正常值,並不適用於成人時期。所以建立成人期顏面軟組 織之測量分析正常值,對於愈來愈多的成人齒顎矯正治療及正顎矯正手術,在診斷與治療計 劃之擬定是有絕對幫助。 本研究之主要目的即在建立屬於台灣正常咬合成人軟組織外貌之正常值,並與西方人做 比較。樣本選取100名 (男性50,名女性50名)年齡介於19至30歲之間,具有安格式一級正常 咬合及協調平衡的顏面外觀者,未曾接受齒顎矯正或正顎手術治療;無先天顱顏畸型者,分 別測量顏面軟組織的角度、水平與垂直長度距離與面積,比較台灣正常咬合成人男女軟組織 外貌之正常值,並與西方人之正常值做比較,以為臨床診斷與訂定治療計畫之參考。 結論: 台灣正常咬合成人軟組織外貌之標準值,確有性別與種族差異存在。角度測量方 面:女性之前額與鼻骨之間較為平坦,而男性則較為凹陷;男性由下唇至骸部轉折較女性明 顯;男性鼻較前突。水平距離測量方面;男性上唇較前突,軟組織厚度則男性明顯大於女性 。垂直距離測量方面,男性大於女性。面積測量方面,絕對面積男性皆大於女性,其中尤以 總面積和骸部,具有統計上的差異(P<0.01)。在相對面積百分比方面,女性鼻區域佔整個封 閉區域的比重大於男性,而男性之骸部佔的比重則明顯大於女性(P<0.01)。上下唇合併在整 個封閉區域中,男性佔36.8%,女性佔37.92%,女性呈現稍為突出之唇部。種族差異方面: 距離測量方面東西方人種上並沒有很大差異。面積測量方面,西方成人鼻頦區大於台灣成人 ,而台灣成人嘴唇在此封閉區域中,面積測量大於西方人。以相對面積百分比做比較發現, 台灣成人上下唇所佔比重大於頦部,而西方人其頦部所佔之比重則遠大於上下唇。由上述結 果可得結論:西方人顏面外觀整體面積比台灣人大,其中尤其是骸部差距最明顯,其次為鼻 部,男女皆然。因此相對面積百分比方面,西方人以頦部,而台灣人則以唇部,呈現較大之 比重,台灣正常咬合且顏面外觀皆協調之成人,嘴唇較西方人突出,呈現稍成為突出之臉型 (convex profile)。

並列摘要


The aim of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning is to achieve a ba lanced soft tissue profile which also is the major concern of orthodontic pati ents. The criteria of ideal soft tissue profile are by no means universally ac cepted and are subject to change with time and accordingto individual,racial,a nd cultural variations. Direct application of data from one ethnic group to an other may not be valid. The purpose of present study is to establish the soft tissue profile norms of Taiwanese adults and compare the data with existing Ca ucasian's value. The relationships between nose, lips, and chin in a balanced facial profile of 100 Taiwanese adults (50 male,50 female) aged 19 to 30 havin g Class I normal occlusion were assessed. Cephalometric soft tissue angular,li near and area measurements were taken. Mean,SD. between male and female were c ompared . Conclusion: Angular measurement : Female showed more flat frontonasal area and mandibular sulcus contour angle than male. Male had more prominent nose. H orizontal linear measurement : male had thicker soft tissue over lip and chin area. Vertical linear measurement : Male showed greater value than female. Are a measurement : male had larger area than female, especially chin and nose are a. Female had greater percent contribution of nose area, while male had greate r percent contribution of nose area. Upper and lower lip combine area percent contribution were 36.8% in male and 37.92% in female. Female had slightly prot rude lips than male. There were ethnic difference existed. The upper and lower liqs were more protrusive in Taiwanese adults. The nasolabial angle was more a cute than Caucasian.

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