四級鹽類對黏土的吸附行為

Adsorption Behavior of Quaternary Salts in Clay

張文彬(Wen-bin Chung)

指導教授 ： 吳和生

元智大學/工程學院/化學工程與材料科學學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

在工業上活性碳常被使用於處理工業廢水，但活性碳成本較高且回收不易，本研究利用四級鹽類陽離子界面活性劑(溴化苯甲基三丁基銨, BTBAB、氯化苯甲基三丁基銨, BTBAC、溴化四丁基銨, TBAB及溴化四丁基鏻, TBPB)改質黏土(膨潤土、蒙脫土)增加黏土吸附有機水溶液的能力，並探討改質黏土處理含酚、苯胺水溶液的研究及利用改質黏土在化學有機合成反應之應用測試。酚為毒性物質，吸、食均對人體有害，能引起癌症及病變性；苯胺為一種主要的有機物質，是許多染料與藥物之來源，苯胺對人體具有毒性，若吸入其蒸氣或經由皮膚滲透至人體內會引起中毒現象；黏土取得容易且價格便宜，若能將黏土運用於處理工業廢水可以降低成本，具經濟與環保上的價值。本研究針對改質後的有機黏土對有機物的吸附能力，黏土種類( cec值)、陽離子界面活性劑種類及其濃度、有機物本身性質及水溶液pH值等有關之特性進行探討。
溴化苯甲基三丁基銨 : benzyltributylammonium bromide,
BTBAB
氯化苯甲基三丁基銨 : benzyltributylammonium chloride,
BTBAC
溴化四丁基銨 : tetrabutylammonium bromide,
TBAB
溴化四丁基鏻 : tetrabutylphosphonium bromide,
TBPB

關鍵字

黏土 ； 吸附 ； 四級鹽類

並列摘要

Active carbon is often industrially used to dispose of waste water . But its cost is high and it is not subject to recycling . This paper experiments with quaternary salts cation surface-active agent (BTBAB , BTBAC , TBAB , TBPB) to reform clay , which may enhance clay to absorb organic liquid . Besides , it aims to study by means of reformed clay , the disposal of liquid , which contains phenol , aniline and to test the chemical organic synthetical reactions to reformrd clay . Phenol is one kind of toxic matters ; inhaling or eating it will do damage to human beings , and cause cancers and mutations . On the other hand , aniline is a main organic matter , a source of a variety of dyes and medicine . But it is also poisonous to humans if they inhale its vapor or it passes human bodies through skin . Clay is accessible and cheap . Appling clay to dispose of industrial waste water will reduce the cost and has its value in economy and environment . This study further looks into the absorbability of clay to organism, kinds of clay (cec), categories of cation surface-active agent and its concentration, the properties of organism itself, pH of water, etc.
BTBAB : benzyltributylammonium bromide,
BTBAC : benzyltributylammonium chloride,
TBAB : tetrabutylammonium bromide,
TBPB : tetrabutylphosphonium bromide,

並列關鍵字

Clay ； Adsorption ； Quaternary salts

參考文獻

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