環境水體中多氯戴奧辛/呋喃採樣及分析方法之研究

Analytical Method for Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Ambient Water

郭永慶(Yung-Ching Kuo)

指導教授 ： 蔡錦蓮 ； 張簡國平

高雄醫學大學/健康科學院/職業安全衛生研究所/碩士(2003年)

摘要

由於PCDD/Fs多氯戴奧辛及多氯呋喃的水溶性低，在水體中的濃度範圍界於pg/L~fg/L，導致環境水體樣品分析困難，現有的分析方法有其限制。因此本研究選用泡棉（polyurethane foam,PUF）來吸附水中的PCDD/Fs。實驗目的將討論泡棉中的擬似標準品穿透率和待測物標準品的吸附率，同時在實際樣品分析上利用泡棉吸附與液液萃取法比較其差異。利用以上實驗來來評估本實驗採樣分析方法是否適用於各種不同環境基質的水體。在樣品的分析上本研究是修改環檢所NIEA A810.10B和美國EPA Method 1613B的方法。
本研究所得結論如下：擬似標準品穿透測試，以流量範圍0.4~1 L/min，採樣體積為250~3000 L時，擬似標準品穿透率範圍在0~0.99%之間。添加待測物標準品測試，以固定流量0.4 L/min，當水樣中PCDD/Fs濃度在0.25~2.5 pg/L時（以2,3,7,8-TCDD為例），全段泡棉吸附率可達70 %以上。在實際樣品分析中河水濃度為6.209 pg/L（0.025 pg-TEQ/L）海水濃度為2.525 pg/L（0.019 pg-TEQ/L），井水濃度為144.405 ng/L，259.957 pg-TEQ/L。比較液液萃取法和泡棉吸附之差異，發現二者在實際樣品分析的總毒性當量濃度比值約在40~70 %之間。此外在淨化過程中也發現基質干擾對淨化步驟有很大的影響，因此不同樣品之淨化步驟應依所分析之基質的不同來做修改以提高其回收率。此外由於水體中的PCDD/Fs濃度很低，因此建議從事水體PCDD/Fs分析時，應有其獨立之器皿與操作環境，以避免其他樣品干擾。

關鍵字

戴奧辛 ； 採樣方法 ； 分析方法 ； 水體

並列摘要

The concentration of dioxin compounds in water is extremely low (pg/L or fg/L) due to their low solubility in the water medium. Such a low level makes analytical methods difficult. This study will use polyurethane foam as an absorbent to absorb PCDD/Fs in the ambient water. This analytical method is modified by the NIEA A810.10B and U.S EPA Method 1613B. This study evaluates surrogate standard breakthrough rates, and absorbency of PUF, which is applied to the analysis of ambient water samples with different characteristics.
The surrogate standard breakthrough rates are 0~0.99 %，while the sampling volume is 250~3000 L and the flow rate is 0.4~1 L/min. The absorbency of the standard solution spiked with deionized water is more than 70 %.The concentration of the river water is 6.209 pg/L（0.025 pg-TEQ/L） and the value of the sea water is 2.525 pg/L（0.019 pg-TEQ/L）.The concentration of the underground water is 144.405 ng/l，259.957 pg-TEQ/L. The total TEQ ratio of the liquid/liquid extraction to PUF is 40~70 %.This sampling device is successfully applied to the analysis of the water from different sources and with different characteristics: tap water，river water，seawater and underground water. The clean-up procedure needs to be modified with a different sample matrix. It is the most important to minimize sample contamination when ambient water samples are analyzed.

並列關鍵字

dioxins ； Polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans ； water

參考文獻

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