- 學位論文
當歸方劑對運動性貧血與運動表現之影響
Effects of Radix Angelica Sinensis formulae on sports anaemia and exercise performance
摘要
運動性貧血被定義為激烈運動造成的貧血或接近貧血的狀態。雖然運動性貧血在運動員上有著高盛行率，但其難歸咎於單一起因。迄今為止，運動誘導的氧化壓力和/或鐵調節素升高被認為是產生運動性貧血的主因。 當歸是具千年歷史用於補血之中草藥。當歸補血湯則是由當歸和黃耆以1比5的比例組成。黃耆具補氣的功效，因此，傳統上當歸補血湯被認為有氣血雙補的協同作用。 本論文的第一部分為探討當歸萃取物對大鼠運動性貧血的保護機制。在激烈運動下誘發運動性貧血，補充當歸可使前肢抓力上升，提昇紅血球與血色素，並降低血清鐵調節素伴隨血清鐵濃度上升。當歸補充使肝指數降低，及提昇肝臟抗氧化酵素之活性。 第二部分則是以游泳訓練鼠模式，比較單方當歸或複方之當歸補血湯對於運動肌力/肌耐力的提升、生理適應性的差異。結果顯示兩種方劑均顯著提高了運動表現，補充當歸補血湯在提升前肢抓力更勝於補充單方當歸。補充當歸補血湯亦可使在運動訓練中防止肌肉肝醣流失，且可藉由降低乳酸和乳酸脫氫酶的濃度以減少運動中的無氧糖解產生，達調節能量使用的效果。 最後，第三部分是研究補充當歸補血湯對於業餘男性跑者進行13公里路跑的影響。與安慰劑組相較下，補充當歸補血湯可顯著地縮短完賽時間。血清鐵調節素與鐵質出現顯著的組別×時間交互作用，補充當歸補血湯可抑制運動後與恢復期的鐵調節素上升，隨之鐵質顯著升高。然而，未有抗發炎及預防運動後產生溶血的效用。 綜上述成果，本研究證實當歸方劑可用於改善運動性貧血、增強運動能力及促進鐵質調節。
並列摘要
Sports anaemia is a true ailment that can be defined as an anaemic or borderline anaemic state caused by intense exercise. Albeit surprisingly high prevalence of sports anaemia is found in athletes, the scenario can hardly be ascribed to one single factor. To date, exercise-induced oxidative stress and/or hepcidin elevation are believed to be the major causes of sports anaemia. Danggui (DG; Radix Angelica Sinensis), one of the most well-known traditional Chinese medicines, has been used for thousands of years to replenish blood. Danggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is the simplest formulae that is composed of DG and Huangqi (Radix Astragali) in the ratio of 1:5. As Huangqi can nourish one’s qi, the addition of Huangqi is traditionally thought to give a synergic effect. The first part of the thesis explored the effects of DG extract on sports anaemia in rats. Under strenuous exercise protocol, DG extract treatment improved forelimb grip strength and rescued exercise-induced anaemia by significantly elevating the red blood cell counts and haemoglobin concentrations. DG modulated the iron metabolism through decreasing serum hepcidin-25 concentrations and increasing serum iron levels. The hepatic injury marker serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations were also reduced, followed by increased antioxidant enzyme catalase expression in the liver. Then the second part was to understand whether DBT can give synergic effects on improving physical capacity than using DG alone in swimming trained rats. The results showed both herbal supplementations remarkably elevated physical performance. In particular, grip strength in DBT-treated rats was even significantly better than that in the rats treated with DG. DBT could also preserve muscle glycogen storage under exercise training. Regarding the regulation of fuel usage, DBT had a positive impact on reducing anaerobic glycolysis via decreased serum lactate and lactic dehydrogenase levels. Finally, the third part was a trial on recreationally active males to investigate the effects of DBT supplementation after being challenged by a single bout of 13-km run. DBT supplementation dramatically shortened the finish times when compared with that in the placebo group. Significant group by time effects were observed in serum hepcidin and iron levels. DBT supplementation repressed hepcidin levels immediate after the exercise and at the recovery phase, thereby causing a significant increase in iron levels. However, DBT supplementation had no significant anti-inflammatory or haemolysis-preventative effects. In conclusion, these studies evidenced a novel and promising approach for DG formulae treatment for rescuing the sports anaemic condition, augmenting the physical performance, and improving iron homeostasis during exercise.