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  • 學位論文

台灣地區胃潰瘍用藥流行病學之研究

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指導教授 : 邱慧芬
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摘要


本論文探討在現今忙碌的社會中,隨著社會型態、飲食習慣的改變以及生活壓力的增加,使得腸胃疾病也日益增升,故對台灣地區胃潰瘍藥物流行病學作一深入探討,本論文研究所使用之資料,經中央健康保險局提供,再由國家衛生研究院所發行之全民健康保險學術研究資料庫光碟中之門診抽樣檔中處方明細檔案。 本研究回溯性研究模式選取自2000年1月1日至2003年12月31日共4年之胃潰瘍門診抽樣資料,探討台灣地區由2000年至2003年中,經門診診斷為胃潰瘍病患之人次、性別、年齡層、地區、用藥種類及用藥金額之分析。 自2000年至2003年中胃潰瘍就診者中,依就診人次而言,每年均呈現持平之趨勢而無顯著差異;依就診性別人次而言,各年度男性病患人次均較女性病患人次為高,但各年之間並無明顯差異;依就診年齡層而言,就診次數隨年齡而增加,其中以大於65歲之年齡層人次為最高;依就診地區而言,都市化地區愈高地區胃潰瘍就診人次愈高、隨著都市化之程度降低而就診人次隨之遞減。 胃潰瘍之用藥分類主要區分為 (A)制酸劑及吸附劑(Antacids and Adsorbents)、(B) H2受器阻斷劑(H2-blocker)、(C)氫離子幫浦抑制劑(Proton-pump inhibitor)、(D)細胞保護劑(Cytoprotective agents)、(E)其他腸胃道藥物(Miscellaneous GI drugs)、(F)抗生素類(Antibiotics)等六類之所有品項。 目前最常用來治療幽門螺旋桿菌的方法有二合一療法、三合一療法、四合一療法,但最常用的為「二種抗生素」加上「一種潰瘍治療用藥」的「三合一療法」,但是因為三合一療法的殺菌效果可達75∼90%,受到醫界廣泛使用,三合一療法常用的抗生素:amoxicillin clarithromycin、tetracycline、metronidazole,常用的潰瘍治療用藥:氫離子幫浦阻斷劑(PPI)、H2 感受器阻斷劑及鉍鹽。 以用藥量、耗用金額分析:胃潰瘍之用藥中,以制酸劑及吸附劑類之用量為最多、自2003年起氫離子幫浦抑制劑之使用量則上昇超過H2受器阻斷劑;依使用量金額而言,以氫離子幫浦抑制劑佔總額最高。 因疑似胃潰瘍不舒服至醫院門診,經診斷為非胃潰瘍病例,佔腸胃門診量百分之九十以上,而該門診用藥多為一般性制酸劑,為符合國情需求及社會醫療經濟效益,建議健保局正視地調整對於制酸劑的給付規定,另治療胃潰瘍組合療法及治療效益和如何縮短病患治療療程及藥物使用量,以獲得最佳根除率及降低治療用藥費,是值得醫院與健保局再去深入探討之方向。

關鍵字

幽門螺旋桿菌

並列摘要


The purpose of this study is to conduct the epidemiological research of gastric ulcer drugs ultilization in Taiwan,the present study uses the outpatient prescription and medical files from the Insurance Research database. The retrospective study of case sampling from Jan.1.2000 till Dec.31 2003 we analyzed the gastric ulcer patients number , sexs , age ,living area ,drug ultilized and the amount drugs use total amount. The patients number of gastric has no significant difference form 2000 year to 2003year , there is also no difference between each year form male or female in clinic visit but male has more clininic visit then female in each year. The investigation of age difference in gastric clinic vists have shown a aged-reated increase phenomenon especially the age over six five years group gas the most higher rate. The classification of peptic ulcer therapeutic drugs are six group as following:(A) Antacids and Adsorbents (B) H2-blockers (C) Proton-pump inhibitors (D) Cytoprotective agents (E) Miscellaneous GI drugs (F) Antibiotics. The treatment of gastric ulcer including (A)dural therapy (combine C with F ),(B)triple therapy(C combine with two F),(G)quadral therapy (C+2F+B or bismuth ) currently ,the most commmmon use is triple therapy which is combined two antibiotics(including amoxicillin,charithromycin,tetracycline and metranidazole)and one ulcer treatment drug (proton pump inhibitor or H2 blocker)the bactericidal rate can reach 75%-95%. The drug ultilization of gastric ulcer treatment have shown the most common use drug is antacid and adsorbents with the next items H2 blocker and PPI ultilization and leading never the less,PPI surpass H2 blocker since year 2003, the total drug comsuming amount analysis also demostrated the high rate ultilization of PPI. All clinic visit of peptic ulcer –like symptom patient turn to be diagnosised as non peptic ulcer and take antacids as treatment medicine, the rate is very high as ninty percentage. This is quite an important issue both for drug utilization and the payment from the government. We suggested that government payment for antacids use is be a serious issue which should be more conservative and flexible, to reduce same drug multiple supply and to improve the drug treatment and medical quality for gastric ulcer patients.

並列關鍵字

H.pylori

參考文獻


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