- 學位論文
日治時期新竹市區水圳的變遷
The geographic variation of irrigation canals in Hsinchu City during the Japanese-ruling period
摘要
論文摘要 1697年郁永河為採硫磺而來台，一路從臺南北上至北投，將自己的沿途的所見所聞仔細地記錄下來，成為了見證十七世紀臺灣樣貌的著作《裨海記遊》，文中敘述了新竹尚未開墾、野生動物成群的景象，當時雖有原住民的部落，但大規模的開墾與聚落形成，要到漢人至新竹開墾第一條埤圳才開始。 新竹水圳在1718年（清康熙年間）由王世傑家族創建，藉由水圳逐漸開墾頭前溪以南至客雅溪之間的平原地帶，促使了農業的興起與聚落人口的增加，人群聚集後逐漸形成城市。在人民大規模開墾土地中不可或缺的埤圳，除了承載灌溉功能，更是生活用水的重要來源，後期的城市建設都因需考量到已存在的圳道而有所遷就。 1895年之後臺灣被日本統治，日本殖民政府為拓展農業，逐漸將新竹埤圳收歸公共管理，以促使水圳能受到定期維護與管理。而在評估臺灣原有的衛生環境不佳，則決定將臺灣的舊有城牆拆除、市街重新取直分割，這一決定連帶影響了在城牆內外原有的水圳路線，而相對的市區重新規劃也需考慮水圳新的流向。而在城市中的新建設，也逐漸改變原有的水圳樣貌。文中最後會探討圳水從原本的農業使用外，因工業的興起而轉換功能，例如使用於糖業、製酒業等。 本文是主要與現有文獻收集整理與實地田野調查，以探討新竹水圳如何被逐漸改變的過程，除了挖掘清治時期的舊有水圳樣貌外，也討論日治時期因灌溉需求而產生新的渠道，或是因為城市建設而改變的部分，借以了解形成水圳現在樣貌的成因，期望能以「城市的藍帶景觀」來讓城市與水圳共存。 關鍵字：埤圳、新竹隆恩圳、城市建設
並列摘要
Abstract In 1697, a traveler YU Yonghe from China a Chinese traveller, Yu Yonghe, arrived in Taiwan to mine sulfur. Yu then travelled northward from Tainan to Beitou where he collected sulfur. During the journey Yu carefully recorded everything he witnessed and experienced and the memoir subsequently became the book “The Small Sea Travel Records”, which provides the first-hand account of the historical developments of Taiwan in the seventeenth century. According to the book, Hsinchu was uncultivated and inhabited by wildlife with a scatter of aboriginal tribes. Later, Chinese arrived and established the first irrigation canal, which allowed them to cultivate and build villages on a large scale. The complex of irrigation canals in Hsinchu City was founded by Wang Shi-Jie family in 1718 in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of The dynasty. With the canals, the plain between Touqian River and Keya River was cultivated, which boosted the agricultural development and population. A city as then formed due to the accumulation of residents. The canals which built for cultivation gradually became the important sources of irrigation and domestic water. As a result, the canals became constructions that should not be damaged in city developments. After 1895, Taiwan was under the ruling of Japan. In order to enhance agricultural development, the Japanese colonial government gradually nationalized the privately-built irrigation canals and put them under central management and regular maintenance. Due to the poor hygiene of Taiwan at that time, city walls were demolished, roads were re-directed or straightened, and districts were re-designed. This renewal affected the original waterways of canals inside and outside the old walls, and the new planning of the city had to take into account the modification of these canals. New constructions in the city also caused changes to the canals. Furthermore, in addition to the original agricultural use, some of the canals were converted to industrial use with the rising of industry such as sugar production and liquor factory. The main study methods of this thesis includes collecting relevant literature and conducting on-site field research, in order to analyze how the irrigation canals in Hsinchu City were varied over time. In addition to exploring the layout of the canals built in the Qing-ruling period, this thesis also examine new canals constructed during the Japanese-ruling period and the modifications done for city developments. It is expected that the changes of the canals can be understood and in the future the present canals could coexist with city landscape and become the “Blue Ribbon Network” of the city. Keywords: Irrigation canal, Long-En Canal of Hsinchu, City Planning