- 學位論文
進出口與附加價值對台灣製造業薪資之影響
The Impact of Imports, Exports and Value Added on Wage in the Taiwanese Manufacturing Sector
摘要
本論文主旨為探討台灣最近十多年來製造業薪資的變化，與進出口、附加價值等國際貿易因素的關係。本文蒐集1996-2011年間個人薪資、年齡、教育、所屬產業、產業進出口值，以及附加價值等資料，進行實證分析。在利用簡單迴歸法進行初步分析後，採用分量迴歸(quantile regression)法進行主要分析則。將薪資分為10%、25%、50%、75%、90%五個不同的分量，同時比較高、低出口傾向產業的差異，並觀察個別產業附加價值-出口比在不同分量薪資上的變化趨勢。分量迴歸結果顯示，附加價值-出口比的提升，對薪資有正向影響，且對越高薪的族群，其影響力愈大。由於實證資料期間，台灣製造業附加價值下降，本文結果或可幫助解釋台灣高薪資族群薪資停滯的現象。
並列摘要
The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between changes in wage rates in Taiwanese manufacturing sector and factors such as value-added in exports, export intensity and import share. The empirical analysis uses data on individual wage, age, education level, industry, industry-level import and export, and export value added from 1996 to 2011. After a preliminary analysis using the ordinary least squares method, this thesis adopts quantile regressions to further analyze the effects of international trade factors on wage distribution. The wage distribution is divided into five quantiles: 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 90%. I also compare the results for industries with high and low export propensities, and estimate the effect of domestic value-added-gross exports ratio on wage for each industry. The result from quantile regressions show that the domestic value-added embodied in gross exports as a fraction of gross exports is positively associated with wage rates, and this effect is larger for higher wage percentiles. Given the fact that the value-added of Taiwanese manufacturing sector has declined during the sample period, this finding might help explain why the wage rates have stagnated among the high wage groups in Taiwan in recent years.