公共研究機構在台灣創新系統的演進角色: 以工業技術研究院為例

本論文主要觀察公共研究機構的角色演變，以工業技術研究院為案例作觀察與分析後進國家如台灣的創新系統在追趕階段與後追趕階段不同時期的改變。從政府、公共研究機構、產業、學界等不同角度來作此研究，國家在追趕階段不同時期的角色從模仿者到創新者的過程中，公共研究機構與產業、學界、政府之間的演進過程。本研究第一部分主要研究工研院與產業之間的關聯，第二部分則分析工研院與學界的關係，第三部分則探討工研院在國家轉換過程中的角色。透過建立多重媒介結構來調整公共研究機構的角色，從管理者到調和整合者的演變，國家的創新系統也從早期的由上而下的政策主導，到中期的上下混合階段，演進到近期的由下而上的自主創新。透過本研究的結果，期許能對於其他發展中的國家能有政策與策略上的參考。

關鍵字

公共研究機構；追趕；專利；台灣；創新系統；三螺旋；工研院；後進者

並列摘要

This thesis investigates, the role of the Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), a public research institute in the catch-up process of the latecomer country Taiwan’s innovation system from the perspectives of collaboration between industries and universities. Using the university-industry-government (U-I-G, triple helix) paradigm, this thesis explores the evolving role of ITRI in reinforcing and facilitating the transitioning of Taiwan from an imitator to an innovator over the last few decades. This thesis has three parts: the first part investigates how knowledge capital accumulated (in terms of patent activity) by ITRI helped configure Taiwan’s industrial structure over the last few decades, and compared its effects with that of Korea’s Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI); the second part explores the evolving collaboration modes between a public research institute (PRI) and universities during the catch-up phase (the 1970s to the1990s) and post-catch-up phase (the 2000s to the 2010s); and the third part examines how Taiwan reduced failure risk and transitioned itself from an under-developed economy in the 1970s to a developed economy in the 2000s. The role of PRIs in relation to those of other drivers in the innovation system under state-led transformation is identified. In terms of industry-PRIs (I-P) relationships, ITRI has evolved from a facilitator in the catch-up phase into a mediator in the post-catch-up phase, reinforcing industrial strategies and national approaches designed to attain an endogenous structural change in Taiwan’s innovation system. This thesis also highlights macro-meso-micro views of transition and provides salient normative principles as guides for transformational policies for other developing economies.

並列關鍵字

public research institute ； catch-up ； patenting ； Taiwan ； innovation system ； triple helix ； ITRI ； late-comer

參考文獻

Akamatsu, K. 1962. A historical pattern of economic growth in developing countries. Journal of Developing Economies, 1(1):pp.3–25.

Amsden, A. 1989. Asia’s next giant: South Korea and late industrialization. New York: Oxford University Press.

Amsden, A. 2001. The Rise of the Rest: Challenges to the West from Late-Industrializing Economies. New York: Oxford University Press.

Amsden, A. and Chu, W-W. 2003. Beyond Late Development: Taiwan’s Upgrading Policies. Cambridge: the MIT Press.

Avimelech, G. and Teubal, M. 2008. Evolutionary Targeting. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 18, 2, pp.151-166.

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公共研究機構在台灣創新系統的演進角色: 以工業技術研究院為例

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