MCIO傳輸線對訊號完整性的最佳配置

本研究旨在深入探討MCIO（Mini Cool Edge IO）傳輸線對高速數據訊號完整性的影響。隨著未來高頻訊號速度的不斷提升，特別是隨著PCIe（Peripheral Component Interconnect Express）介面的發展，從最初的Gen1、Gen2到現在的Gen5，甚至即將迎來Gen6，研究訊號完整性的重要性變得更加迫切和重要。技術的不斷發展使得伺服器產業面臨著越來越大的挑戰，需要更加精密和可靠的訊號傳輸方案來應對這一挑戰。未來伺服器主機板的系統配置會越來越多，隨著AI（人工智慧）和GPU（圖形處理器）等技術的發展，對數據傳輸速度和效率的要求也將不斷提高。加上5G等新興技術的普及，伺服器系統將面臨更加複雜的工作負載和需求。因此，MCIO傳輸線的使用將在伺服器產業中扮演更加重要的角色，提高系統的訊號完整性和性能將成為一項迫切的任務。研究方法涉及將溫度範圍劃分為多個區間，以更全面地評估不同溫度對MCIO傳輸線的影響。每個溫度區間都代表著一個特定的工作環境條件，例如40～50℃可能為輕度負載或空閒狀態，執行後台任務，系統監控、定期備份；50～60℃可能為一般負載狀態，通常是在進行用戶請求等相關工作，例如文件操作、網路訪問；60～70℃為中等負載，通常是在進行複雜的任務，如數據庫操作、應用程式運行；70～80℃為高負載狀態，通常在進行大量數據處理、多任務運行或者運行為複雜的應用程式；而超過80℃為超負載狀態，可能為運行過多應用程式，消耗了大量的CPU資源，導致溫度升高。我們將使用兩種不同材料、不同長度的MCIO傳輸線進行實驗，在每個溫度區間下進行PCIE Gen5的TX（Transmitter）量測，以找出訊號表現最佳的溫度範圍。同時，我們特意選擇了這些溫度區間，以模擬不同工作環境下MCIO傳輸線的實際應用情況。研究結果顯示，在50～60℃的溫度區間內，訊號的振幅保持相對穩定，眼圖呈現出清晰且寬闊的開放狀態，表明訊號的時序穩定性較高。然而，在溫度超過80℃時，訊號的振幅明顯下降，眼圖變得模糊且收窄，表明訊號的完整性受到嚴重影響，可能導致數據傳輸錯誤率的增加。此外，不同長度和材料的MCIO傳輸線中也觀察到了類似的趨勢，進一步證明了研究的一致性和可靠性。這些結果不僅對伺服器產業提供了寶貴的參考，還有助於設計更可靠和高效的訊號傳輸系統。通過深入理解不同條件下訊號的行為，我們可以針對性地優化MCIO傳輸線的設計和配置，以確保系統在各種環境下都能夠獲得穩定和可靠的性能。此外，這些實驗結果還可以作為未來研究的基礎，例如進一步探討溫度對訊號完整性的影響機制以及開發更先進的訊號處理技術等。在此過程中，我們必須意識到環境溫度是影響訊號品質的重要因素之一。在不同的溫度下，訊號可能會受到不同程度的影響，這需要我們在設計和選擇MCIO傳輸線時加以考慮。同時，我們還必須在成本和客戶要求之間取得平衡，確保選擇的方案既能夠滿足技術要求，又能夠在商業上可行。透過不斷地改進和研究，我們可以更好地應對日益增長的數據傳輸需求，為伺服器產業的發展做出貢獻。

關鍵字

伺服器主機板

並列摘要

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of MCIO (Mini Cool Edge IO) transmission lines on the high-speed data signal integrity. With the continuous increase in future high-frequency signal speeds, especially with the development of the PCIe (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express) interface, from the initial Gen1, Gen2 to the current Gen5, and the upcoming Gen6, the importance of studying signal integrity becomes more urgent and important. The continuous advancement of technology poses increasingly significant challenges for the server industry, requiring more precise and reliable signal transmission solutions to address these challenges. The future configuration of server motherboards will become increasingly complex, with the development of technologies such as AI (Artificial Intelligence) and GPUs (Graphics Processing Units), which will also lead to higher demands for data transmission speed and efficiency. With the popularity of emerging technologies such as 5G, server systems will face more complex workloads and demands. Therefore, the use of MCIO transmission lines will play a more important role in the server industry, and improving the signal integrity and performance of the system will become an urgent task. The research method involves dividing the temperature range into multiple intervals to comprehensively evaluate the influence of different temperatures on MCIO transmission lines. Each temperature interval represents a specific working environment condition. For example, 40-50 degrees may correspond to a general office environment, while 50-60 degrees may correspond to a higher load usage scenario, and 60-70 degrees may represent temperature environments such as data centers, while temperatures exceeding 80 degrees may represent extreme operating conditions or failure scenarios. We will conduct experiments using two different materials and lengths of MCIO transmission lines, and measure PCIE Gen5 TX (Transmitter) at each temperature interval to determine the temperature range in which the signal performs optimally. Additionally, we purposely selected these temperature intervals to simulate the practical application of MCIO transmission lines in different working environments. The research results show that within the temperature range of 50-60 degrees, the signal amplitude remains relatively stable, and the eye pattern exhibits a clear and wide-open state, indicating a higher level of timing stability of the signal. However, when the temperature exceeds 80 degrees, the signal amplitude significantly decreases, and the eye pattern becomes blurred and narrowed, indicating a severe impact on signal integrity, which may lead to an increase in data transmission error rate. Furthermore, similar trends were observed in MCIO transmission lines of different lengths and materials, further demonstrating the consistency and reliability of the research. These results not only provide valuable references for the server industry but also contribute to the design of more reliable and efficient signal transmission systems. Through a deeper understanding of the behavior of signals under different conditions, we can optimize the design and configuration of MCIO transmission lines to ensure that the system obtains stable and reliable performance under various environmental conditions. Additionally, these experimental results can serve as the basis for future research, such as further exploring the impact mechanism of temperature on signal integrity and developing more advanced signal processing technologies. In this process, we must be aware that environmental temperature is one of the important factors affecting signal quality. Signals may be affected to varying degrees at different temperatures, which requires us to consider when designing and selecting MCIO transmission lines. At the same time, we must strike a balance between cost and customer requirements to ensure that the selected solution can meet technical requirements and be commercially viable. Through continuous improvement and research, we can better cope with the increasingly growing demand for data transmission and contribute to the development of the server industry.