巴赫金對話論下的吳明益小說《單車失竊記》英譯本研究

A Study on the English Translation of Ming-Yi Wu’s The Stolen Bicycle through the Lens of Bakhtin’s Dialogism

范沛慈(Fan Pei-Tzu)

指導教授 ： 羅芸芳

中原大學/人文與教育學院/應用外國語文學系/碩士(2024年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu202400745

摘要

吳明益的《單車失竊記》是部角色複雜、故事情節交錯的小說，其包含了專修古董腳踏車的師傅，曾於日軍服役的台灣原住民，以及參與過戰爭的大象。作者以腳踏車為重要象徵貫穿整本小說，緊密地串連起書中的故事，賦予書中不同的聲音有互動的機會。透過這部作品，作者意在呈現台灣的多語之美，並為那些鮮為人知的歷史發聲。本研究旨在探討譯者如何處理書中的多元聲音，並將作者意圖傳達給目標語讀者。
根據巴赫金的對話論，小說作為一個舞台，得以讓作者以具美學的手法，將不同觀點組織在一起。《單車失竊記》中的多元聲音深刻體現了對話論的核心概念。所謂對話元素意指小說中多種聲音的共存，以及語言固有的社會文化差異，互動交錯之後所體現的結果。同樣地，對話論的概念與翻譯亦有相似之處。翻譯可被視作跨語言間傳遞文化和語言之行為。換言之，對話的產生需要多元聲音的互動，而翻譯本身就是一個介於語言和文化之間的對話。
這本小說中包含了語言多樣性以及歷史觀點，可作為探討小說異語性之合適文本。分析結果揭示了譯者在處理語言多樣性和歷史訊息時的翻譯方法。譯者石岱崙在面對語言多樣性時，傾向在譯文中傳達外來性。此外，面對原文中較複雜的訊息時，譯者則傾向重建原文以及刪除不影響原意之訊息。研究指出譯者適當的創意和對目標讀者的考量，傳達了作者意圖，也為譯文流暢、易讀的主因，同時體現了翻譯固有的異語特質。

關鍵字

多元聲音 ； 雜語 ； 台灣文學 ； 翻譯 ； 對話論

並列摘要

Wu Ming-Yi’s The Stolen Bicycle is a multi-character story with interweaving storylines, including vintage bicycle restoration specialists, Taiwan’s indigenous man serving for the Japanese Army, elephants in war, etc. The author used bicycles as an important symbol to tightly connect each short story into a whole, allowing distinct voices the chance to interact with one another. Through this novel, the author intends to present linguistic polyphony and uncover lesser-known history. The present study aims to explore how the translator manages these polyphonic voices and conveys the author’s intention to the target readers.
According to Bakhtinian dialogism, novels serve as a platform where authors can artistically organize diverse viewpoints. The diverse voices in this novel profoundly reflect the core notion of dialogism. The dialogic elements encompass the coexistence of various voices in the novel, as well as the effects manifested by the interplay among the social-cultural differences inherent in languages. Likewise, the concept of dialogism shares some similarities to translation which functions as the act of transferring cultures and languages among different languages. Namely, a dialogue requires the interaction of various voices and translation itself is a dialogue between languages and cultures.
This novel includes linguistic polyphony and historical landscape, making it a fitting context for examining the aspect of heteroglossia. The major finding of this study uncovers the translator’s approach to dealing with linguistic polyphony and historical information. The translator, Darryl Sterk, tends to convey foreignness when he addresses linguistic features. Reconstructing and omitting certain information are another tendency of his in managing complex information. The translator’s appropriate creativity and consideration for his target audience not only convey the author’s intention but also make the translated version fluent and readable, presenting the heteroglossic nature of the translation.

並列關鍵字

heteroglossia ； Taiwanese literature ； translation ； dialogism ； diverse voices

參考文獻

Amith, K. P. (2014). Translation as “dialogic agreement”: Bakhtin’s perspective. International Journal of English and Literature (IJEL), 4(6). 89-94.

Amith, K. P. (2015). Bakhtin and Translation Studies: Theoretical Extensions and Connotations. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Australian war memorial, (n.d.). Invasion of Malaya. Australian war memorial. https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/E84717

Bailey, B. (2012). Heteroglossia. In M. Martin-Jones, A. Blackledge, & A. Creese (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of multilingualism (pp. 499–507). Routledge.

Bakhtin, M.M. (1981). The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays (C. Emerson & M. Holquist, Trans). University of Texas Press. (Original work published 1975).