- 學位論文
新型氧化鉿複合粉體於牙科填補材料之研究
New type of hafnium oxide composite powder in dental filling materials
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摘要
三氧礦化物（Mineral trioxide aggregate，MTA）為牙科填補材料之一，具有優異的生物相容性、密封特性和 X 光不透性等，目前被廣泛地商業應用於穿孔修復、牙髓切除術、根尖誘導成形和根管治療的填充材料。其三氧礦化物之成分包含波特蘭水泥、氧化鉍及其他相關物質，其中氧化鉍提供了 X 光不透性，有助於醫師透過 X 光去觀察手術過程中和手術後填補材料之情況，但氧化鉍為毒性材質會使牙齒變色，並且會使三氧礦化物機械強度下降導致牙齒需要重新填補。因此，本研究以氯化鉿為前驅物與氫氧化鈉，製備氧化鉿粉體，經 XRD 測試與標準氧化鉿粉體晶像相同，接著將實驗分為四組進行，分別為水泥 PC（PC Only）、氧化鉿與水泥複合 PCHf（20% HfO2）、氧化鉍與水泥複合 PCBi（20% Bi2O3、以10%氧化鉍及10%氧化鉿複合於波特蘭水泥 PCFBi（10% HfO2+10% Bi2O3）等四組粉體，比較其硬化時間、機械強度和 X 光不透性。研究結果顯示，氧化鉿組的 X 光不透性低於氧化鉍組，但仍高於使用標準的 3mmAl。因此，可做為顯影材料提供足夠的 X光不透性。在固化時間與壓力測試上，氧化鉿組的數據為180分鐘優於氧化鉍190分鐘。因此，可以縮短根管治療的治療時間並有效地提升其抗壓性，並且透過與細胞毒性測試顯示出氧化鉿，除了低毒性之外還具備細胞存活率，因此以氧化鉿取代氧化鉍材料能有效的提升根管填充材料之應用性。
並列摘要
Mineral trioxide aggregate（MTA）is a dental filling material known for its excellent biocompatibility, sealing properties, and radiopacity. It is widely used in commercial applications for perforation repairs, pulpotomies, apexogenesis, and as a filling material in root canal treatments. MTA consists of Portland cement, bismuth oxide, and other related substances. Bismuth oxide provides radiopacity, which helps dentists observe the condition of the filling material during and after procedures through X-rays. However, bismuth oxide is a toxic material that can cause tooth discoloration and reduce the mechanical strength of MTA, leading to the need for retreatment. However, in this study, hafnium chloride was used as the precursor with sodium hydroxide to prepare hafnium oxide powder, which was verified by XRD to match the crystal structure of standard hafnium oxide powder. The experiments were divided into four groups: PC（PC Only）, hafnium oxide and cement composite PCHf（20% HfO2）, bismuth oxide and cement composite PCBi（20% Bi2O3）, and a combination of 10% bismuth oxide and 10% hafnium oxide with PCFBi（10% HfO2 + 10% Bi2O3）. These groups were compared in terms of setting time, mechanical strength, and radiopacity. The results indicated that the radiopacity of the hafnium oxide group was lower than that of the bismuth oxide group but still higher than the standard of 3mm Al, thus providing sufficient III radiopacity as a radiopaque material. In terms of setting time and compressive strength, the hafnium oxide group performed better, with a setting time of 180 minutes compared to 190 minutes for the bismuth oxide group. This reduction in setting time can shorten the duration of root canal treatment and effectively improve compressive strength. Additionally, cytotoxicity tests showed that hafnium oxide not only exhibited low toxicity but also promoted cell viability. Therefore, replacing bismuth oxide with hafnium oxide can effectively enhance the applicability of root canal filling materials.
參考文獻
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