從專業能力需求探討「材料及構造」課程教學創新

室內設計教育發展至今已有百年歷史，面對科技的日新月異，室內設計人才的需求提升，國內的室內設計教育課程卻一成不變，其中，材料及構造課程是培養認識材料、使用材料、選擇構造，以表現創意設計的能力，但是多年來延續舊有課程教學內容，未能配合材料發展科技進步所產生的新材料、新工法，重新檢視課程內容修正調整，導致培養的能力與時代需要脫節。本研究首先探討臺灣各大學室內材料及構造的教學現況，再以瞭解美國室內設計學院材料及構造相關課程教學內容與趨勢，並針對室內設計人才構思能力培養策略，最後提出材料及構造課程內容及教學設計，研究方法先以搜集相關文獻，進行文本分析，將台灣十所大學之材料及構造課程，進行基本探討，包括：中英文課程名稱、學分、學時等；再以中原大學、中國科技大學、美國普瑞特學院和帕森斯設計學院等四校之課程，分析比較美國室內材料及構造相關課程，其中有關育才理念、課程規劃、課程名稱、教學模式、課綱、學時、學分及學習成效評量等8項具體的教學措施，與台灣相關學系之差異；再以教學者訪談以及學習者問卷調查的方式，了解當前授課的課程安排與學生的學習成效。研究提出以造型生產為觀點，讓學生從構造形式的理解到材料的選擇使用，進行課程的重整，將第一學期的課程名稱訂為「室內裝修構造」，以了解室內裝修構造、施工程序以及如何選擇建造方式為主，；第二學期的課程名稱為「室內裝修材料」，以學習認識創作造型的材料種類與特性等。教學方式新增複合式教學法、角色扮演法，讓學生透過實境實作理解掌握課程內容，課程規劃分為7個主要單元和5種能力培養策略，培養學生專業知識與施工理解；學習成效評量採取前側、後側、案例分析、模型製作作為評量方法。關鍵詞:室內設計、室內材料與構造、課程設計、教學創新

關鍵字

室內設計；室內材料與構造；課程設計；教學創新

並列摘要

Interior design education has been developed for over a century. In the face of the rapid changes in technology and the rising demand for interior design talents, the curriculum of interior design education in China has remained unchanged. However, over the years, the content of the old curriculum has not been reviewed and adapted to meet the needs of the times due to new materials, new methods and new technologies. This study first examines the current state of teaching of interior materials and construction at universities in Taiwan, and then uses it to understand the teaching content and trends of materials and construction-related courses at interior design schools in the United States, and to propose strategies for cultivating the conceptual skills of interior design talents. The study also analyzes and compares the curricula of four universities, including Chung Yuan University, China University of Science and Technology, Pratt Institute, and Parsons School of Design, with those of the United States, and compares eight specific teaching measures, including the philosophy of talent development, curriculum planning, course titles, teaching modes, syllabus, credit hours, credit hours, and learning effectiveness assessment, with those of the relevant departments in Taiwan. The study also uses interviews with teachers and questionnaires from learners to understand the current curriculum arrangements and students' learning outcomes. The study proposes to reorganise the curriculum from the point of view of the production of shapes, from the understanding of construction forms to the selection and use of materials. The title of the first semester course is "Interior Decoration Construction", which focuses on understanding the construction of interior decoration, construction procedures and how to choose construction methods. The teaching methods include complex teaching and role-playing, allowing students to understand the content of the course through real-life practical work. KeyWords:Interior Design, Interior Materials and Construction, Curriculum Design, Teaching Innovation