摘要
在空間設計的過程中，人們會有許多空間感的討論。而隨著數位科技的發展，3D虛擬模型及電腦渲染的擬真透視影像成為了現在主要的溝通工具。也由於虛擬實境設備逐漸普及，虛擬實境設備很有機會成為未來討論空間的重要工具。但3D的數位虛擬模型、擬真透視影像及虛擬實境空間這三種虛擬空間，皆與實體空間的感知有落差，因此本研究提出了兩個問題（1）造成虛擬空間與實體空間之距離感知差異的主要因素為何?（2）如何降低虛擬空間與實體空間之距離感知的差異？ 為了回應上述的兩個問題，本研究共執行了兩次距離感知實驗：距離感知實驗（一）及距離感知實驗（二）。兩次實驗的前置作業皆為：將一個挑選的空間作為研究的實體空間，接著測量空間並使用Sketchup及Blender這兩個3D建模軟體將空間及空間中的物件建成3D的數位虛擬模型，然後使用Twinmotion這個渲染軟體將3D模型渲染成可以旋轉視角或是在裡面移動的演示檔案。而正式的實驗過程是：抽選數位具有不同程度之空間專業背景的受測者來透過「平面的電腦螢幕顯示」、「頭戴顯示器」觀看虛擬空間，以及進入「實體空間」體驗。在觀看及體驗的過程中，會請受測者估測空間中的各種尺寸，並回答他們估測的方法及依據。而在距離感知實驗（二）則是再加上了讓他們判斷不同題目之間的空間是否為同一空間。藉此來測試不同的受測者在「平面螢幕的虛擬空間」、「虛擬實境的虛擬空間」及在「實體空間」中的感知差異。 本研究之受測人數共有12位，其中：距離感知實驗（一）為3位（第一階段1位；第二階段2位）、距離感知實驗（二）為9位（第一階段1位；第二階段為9位，其中1位為第一階段之受測者）。 造成虛擬空間與實體空間之距離感知差異的研究結果為：（1）「性別」、「具空間專業背景與否」及「是否使用過虛擬實境設備」這三者的差異對於距離感知沒有明顯的影響；（2）造成「平面螢幕的虛擬空間」與「實體空間」之距離感知差異的主要因素為「觀看視角」、「空間的元素或擺放的物件」及「物件擺放的位置」；（3）造成「虛擬實境的虛擬空間」與「實體空間」之距離感知差異的主要因素為「空間中的物件或元素」。另一方面，針對降低虛擬空間與實體空間之距離感知的差異的研究結果為：（1）透過「讓觀看者從空間中不同的定點觀看螢幕中的虛擬空間」、「在同一個虛擬空間中有不同空間物件的情境」及「螢幕中的虛擬空間中置入能夠提供給觀看者不同的空間向度都能作為判斷依據的物件」這三個方法可以降低「平面螢幕的虛擬空間」與「實體空間」之間的距離感知差異；（2）在透過虛擬實境設備觀看空間的過程中，讓觀看者清楚地了解及認知空間中的物件或元素，可以降低「虛擬實境的虛擬空間」與「實體空間」之間的距離感知差異。
並列摘要
People have many discussions about the feeling of space during the space design process.With the development of digital technology, 3D virtual models and realistic perspective images rendered by computers have become the main communication tools. Because of the increasing popularity of VR devices, VR devices will become an important tool in the future. However, 3D virtual models, realistic perspective images, and VR devices are all different from the perception of real space. Therefore, what are the main factors that cause the difference in distance perception between virtual space and real space are the main research questions of this study. This study uses Twinmotion to render the 3D model into a presentation file and compares the difference in distance perception between subjects on a computer screen display, a head-mounted display, and in real space through an experimental method.Therefore, this study has two questions: (1) What are the main factors that cause the difference in distance perception between virtual space and real space? (2) How to reduce the difference in distance perception between virtual space and real space? In response to these two questions, this study conducted two distance perception experiments: distance perception experiment (1) and distance perception experiment (2). The pre-work of the two experiments is:to take a selected space as the real space of the study, then measure the space and use the two 3D modeling software Sketchup and Blender to build the space and the objects in the space into a 3D digital virtual model. Then use Twinmotion, a rendering software, to render the 3D model into a demo file that can move inside. The formal experimental process is to choose some subjects with varying degrees of spatial professional background to view the virtual space through a "computer screen " and a "Head Mounted-Display", before entering the "real space". In the process of viewing, the subjects will be asked to estimate distances in the space, and they will answer what method and object they use to estimate distance. In the distance perception experiment (2), let them judge whether the space between different topics is the same space. It is used to test the differences in perception of different subjects in the "virtual space of screen", "virtual space of virtual reality" and "real space". There are 12 subjects in this study, including 3 subjects in the distance perception experiment (1) (1 in the first stage; 2 in the second stage), and 9 subjects in the distance perception experiment (2) (1 in the first stage; The second stage consists of 9 subjects, one of whom is the subject of the first stage). The research results that cause the difference in distance perception between virtual space and real space are: :(1) There is no discernible difference in distance perception between "gender", "spatial professional background" and "use of virtual reality equipment"; (2) The main factors that cause the difference in distance perception between "virtual space of the screen" and "real space" are "viewing angle", "elements of space or placed objects "," the location of the object". (3) The main factor causing the difference in perception of distance between “virtual space of virtual reality” and "real space" is "objects or elements in space".On the other hand, the results for the question "How to reduce the difference in perception of distance between virtual space and real space?" :(1)The three methods of "allowing viewers to view the virtual space on the screen from different points in the space","situations where there are different spatial objects in the same virtual space" and "putting objects in the virtual space on the screen that can provide viewers with different spatial dimensions that can be used as a basis for judgment" can reduce the differences in distance perception between the virtual space of the screen and the real space; (2) In the process of viewing the space through the virtual reality device, allowing the viewer to understand and recognize the objects or elements in the space can reduce the distance perception difference between "virtual space of virtual reality" and "real space".