表面塗裝應用於不同3D列印材料之適恰性—以五金把手為例

3D 列印服務市場的發展目前已普遍受到大眾接受，包含利用 3D 列印之積層製造技術(AM)開發原型當作模具樣品或直接使用，甚至已有專門的工作室承接 3D 列印基材之表面塗裝。除了自動化生產的塗裝模式，人工施做表面塗裝模式目前仍處於過程中的局部記錄，或是大多用於研發塗裝材料的研究，3D 列印一般設備使用者的色彩多樣及質感的自由性都有所限制。本研究主要針對一般桌上型 3D 列印，進行表面塗裝的研究與探討，可能會面臨幾種問題，本研究共提出以下兩個問題：（1）以 3D 列印材 PLA、ABS 及光固化三種常見材料表面塗裝方法之差異為何？（2）如何利用 3D 列印技術製造家具把手，並且在塗裝和安裝之後觀察其效果為何？為了回應上述的兩個問題，本研究共有兩個步驟：（一）表面塗裝實作於 3D 列印基材塗裝測試 -實驗分析：以 3 種底材與 4 種塗裝方式，從底漆、補土的 12 種模式結果中得出差異。（二）應用表面塗裝方法印製家具五金把手之後做實驗塗裝，過程中以步驟一的經驗，將表面塗裝應用於步驟二的3D 列印把手，以達到結合之實驗成果。研究結果發現：（1）按照塑料類表面塗裝流程可順利施作於 3D 列印物件上，其關鍵在於底漆，底漆牢固則外加塗料附著完整。（2）ABS、PLA、光固化之3D 列印物件，PLA 塗裝最為不易，其次為 ABS，最佳為光固化。（3）以家具五金把手結合 3D 列印的設計為基礎，將上一階段得出的塗裝流程應用於此設計，完成後實際安裝使用得出結果，列印把手實驗表面塗裝後之優劣順序結果進行說明：ABS 仍有些許掉漆，表現低於光固化，光固化的成果表現最優，與第三章的觀察一致，PLA 則於第一階段實驗中表現最差因此淘汰無進階實驗。未來研究建議往更多種不同材料做實驗，朝向更加精細、更環保的塗料或更多樣化的質感呈現可能性做發展。

關鍵字

3D列印；家具把手；表面塗裝；列印材料

並列摘要

The development of the 3D printing service market has been generally accepted by the public, including the use of 3D printing technology for the development of prototypes as mold samples or direct use, and even specialized studios to undertake the surface coating of 3D printing substrates. In addition to the automated coating mode, the manual surface coating mode is still in the process of partial recording, or mostly used in the research and development of coating materials, 3D printing general equipment users are limited in the freedom of color variety and texture. This study focuses on the research and investigation of surface coating for general desktop 3D printing, which may face several problems. The following two questions are raised in this study: (1) What are the differences in the surface coating methods of three common materials: PLA, ABS, and light-curing 3D printing materials? (2) How to utilize 3D printing technology to manufacture furniture handles, and what are the results observed after coating and installation? In order to answer the above two questions, this study consists of two steps: (1) Surface coating was performed on 3D printing substrate coating test - experimental analysis: three substrates and four coating methods were used, and the differences were obtained from the results of 12 patterns of primer and filler. (b) Apply surface coating method to print furniture hardware handles and then do experimental coating. During the process, we used the experience from step 1 to apply surface coating to the 3D printed handles in step 2 in order to achieve the combined experimental results. The results of the study revealed that: (1) the surface coating process for plastics can be successfully applied to 3D printed objects, and the key lies in the primer, which is strong enough to allow for complete adhesion of additional coatings. (2) For ABS, PLA, and light-curing 3D printed objects, PLA coating is the most difficult, followed by ABS, and light-curing is the best. (3) furniture hardware handle combined with 3D printing design as the basis for the previous stage of the coating process applied to this design, completed after the actual installation and use of the results of the results of the experimental surface coating of the print handle to illustrate the order of the results of the advantages and disadvantages of: ABS is still a little bit of paint, the performance of the performance of the lower than light-curing, light-curing the results of the best performance, and the third chapter of the observation, consistent with the results of the PLA was in the first stage of the experimental PLA was the worst performer in the first stage of the experiment and was eliminated from further experimentation. In the future, it is recommended to experiment with more different materials and develop towards finer, more environmentally friendly coatings or more varied texture presentation possibilities.