ATR-72飛機鏽蝕改善與防治之案例探討

飛機維修計畫之主要目的是在其使用生命週期中，以最經濟而有效率之方法去維持飛機原有之適航性。目前民用航空器之結構維修計畫是飛機製造公司依照MSG-3規範，逐步進行分類、計算、分析、評估等程序所擬定之定期維修工作。飛機結構損壞之主要原因大致可分為：意外損壞、金屬材料之環境衰退、疲勞損壞等三種類型。而飛機金屬材料之環境衰退主要之影響是造成材料之銹蝕，為防止這些影響因素，飛機設計時要採取的保護措施，及在後續維修期間如何擬定其維護計畫，以確保飛機在其服役期間能保持原有之結構強度。航空器維修計畫要兼顧飛航安全與營運成本，所要求之維修工作相當精簡，維修人員要確實遵照執行，才能有效的維護飛行安全。本案例探討係針對ATR-72型飛機之結構鏽蝕改善，其中包括地板樑、框架結構、燃油泵周圍、機身尾部、前後翼樑下蒙皮翼片、前翼樑電氣接地點周圍等項目，並分析出鏽蝕產生的原因，提醒飛機維修人員在進行維護作業時使用正確的工具與搭配手電筒光線檢查的重要性。鏽蝕改善追蹤分別以飛機500飛行小時A CHECK與5000飛行小時C CHECK持續追蹤檢查後，該ATR-72飛機已大幅減少鏽蝕產生與擴散，有效的提升飛行安全。

關鍵字

ATR-72型飛機；結構損壞；鏽蝕；飛機維修

並列摘要

The main purpose of an aircraft maintenance program is in its use life cycle, the most economical and efficient way to maintain the original airworthiness of the aircraft. At present, the structural maintenance plan for civil aircraft is that aircraft manufacturing companies comply with the MSG-3 specification, gradually carry out the routine maintenance work proposed in the procedures of delivery, calculation, analysis and evaluation. The main reasons for damage to the aircraft structure can be roughly divided into: accidental damage, environmental degradation of metal materials, fatigue damage three types. The main effect of the environmental degradation of aircraft metal materials is the corrosion of materials, in order to prevent these influencing factors, the protection measures to be taken when the aircraft is designed, and how to formulate its maintenance plan during subsequent maintenance, to ensure that the aircraft can maintain its original structural strength during its service. The aircraft maintenance plan should take into account the safety and operating costs of aviation, the maintenance work required is quite streamlined, maintenance personnel must strictly follow the implementation to effectively maintain flight safety. This case study is aimed at improving the structural corrosion of the ATR-72 aircraft, including the floor beam, frame structure, fuel pump, fuselage tail, front and rear spar lower skin flaps, and front wing beam electrical grounding points. It also analyzes the causes of rust and reminds aircraft maintenance personnel of the importance of using the right tools and matching flashlights for maintenance work. After the rust improvement tracking was continuously tracked by the aircraft 500 flight hours A CHECK and 5000 flight hours C CHECK, the ATR-72 aircraft has greatly reduced the generation and spread of rust, effectively improving flight safety.