- 學位論文
國內核能電廠除役方式評選之研究
The Evaluation of Filtering Decommissioning Strategies for Domestic Nuclear Power Plant
摘要
我國核能電廠自民國67年運轉至今，已運作了30年，部份核能設施及零組件皆已老化且經常維修；核能電廠的使用壽命有限，屆時必需關廠、拆除廠房及進行除役作業。按照40年運轉期限，首先面臨除役任務的是預定在民國107年停機的核一廠一號機，以及分別於109年與112年停機之核二廠與核三廠。台灣由於地狹人稠，土地資源有限，且核電廠除役工作在國內尚未有相關經驗，如何有效妥善地將核能電廠除役拆廠作業執行順利顯得格外重要。因此，建立一個可行性之評估架構以評選出最佳核能電廠之除役方式有其重要性。 本研究的主要目的在於建立適合國內核能電廠除役方式評選之層級架構，並透過專家訪談找出最佳除役方式以及影響核能電廠除役方案評選之關鍵構面與準則，使國內未來在進行核能電廠除役規劃時，能從全方位管理的角度來思考問題，以利做出較正確的抉擇並降低風險。 所建立之架構包含「安全面」、「技術面」、「環境面」及「成本面」等四個衡量構面，以及「立即拆除」、「延遲拆除」和「固封除役」三個可行的替代方案。評估群體係由核能研究所、台電公司共五十三位專家所組成，訪談結果藉由模糊積分評選出最佳除役方式。重要的研究結果如下： 一、受訪者認為在核能電廠除役中最重要的構面為「安全面」，這表示核能電廠在執行除役作業應以安全執行為重要考量，其次是「環境面」、「技術面」及「成本面」。 二、整體而言所評選出最佳的除役方式為立即拆除，其次為延遲拆除，與固封除役。這是因為「立即拆除」方式目前較符合國家政策的想法，且土地可以在最短時間內復原，重新規劃使用。
並列摘要
The first nuclear power plant in Taiwan has been operating for 30 years since 1978. Some facilities and components are worn out and requires constant maintenance. A nuclear power plant has its own life span, but it will be shut down, dismantled and decommissioned, when the time comes. According to the life span of 40 years operating time, Chinshan Nuclear Power Plant is scheduled to be shut down in 2018. Maanshan and Kuosheng Nuclear Power Plants are scheduled to be shut down separately in 2020 and 2023.Taiwan has limited land resource and limited experiences in decommissioning. Therefore, to carry out decommissioning of nuclear power plant successively and effectively as planed is our top priority. In order to achieve our plan, it is important for us to set up a realistic evaluate structure to filtering through different decommissioning approaches for making best choices possible. The main purpose of this research is to construct an suitable level structural evaluation system for choosing best decommissioning approach for domestic nuclear power plants. The research is proceeded through interviewing experts to find out optimum ways of decommissioning as well as the key structure and criterion on this matter. The structure face in this research provides an 360 degrees managerial views for best results of reducing risks and making the best possible choice in nuclear power plant decommission in Taiwan. The level structural evaluation system this research constructs includes four evaluation faces-- "Safety", "Technology", "Environment" and "Cost"; and three substitutive plans-- "Immediate dismantling", "Defered dismantling" and "Entombment". The evaluation team in this research is formed by sum of 53 experts from Institute of Nuclear Energy Research and Taipower company. Their evaluation results from the interviews conducted by this research were ran by fuzzy for further evaluation to find out the most suitable decommissioning approaches for us. The important results of this study are as follows : 1. The evaluation team think the most important evaluation face among the four is "Safety", followed by "Environment", "Technology", and "Cost". This shows the safety concern when decommissioning a nuclear power plant is essential. 2. Overall, the best decommissioning strategy would be "Immediate dismantling", followed by "Defered dismantling", then "Entombment". The reasons for "Immediate dismantling" to be the best choice are politically correct and the quickest environmental recovery for further use.