- 學位論文
微處理器於溫度控制系統之應用
The Application of Temperature Control System with Microprocessor
摘要
大部分的加熱器使用燃料、瓦斯或電力來產生熱能。然而，這些方式不僅昂貴，同時會產生大量的二氧化碳。為了保護環境及節省能源，許多研究應用到太陽能，但是太陽能加熱器在冬天並不能夠提供和夏天ㄧ樣的性能。此外太陽能加熱器在下雨天等於失去功效，同時也必須面對轉換效率不佳的問題。 藉由熱泵從自然環境中獲得熱能，透過冷媒的壓縮、膨脹、熱交換來產生熱水，與傳統的太陽能式與其他的加熱器相比，熱泵可以更有效率的達到節能與環保的目標。傳統上，熱泵是由可程式邏輯控制器(PLC)所控制的，但PLC的缺點是價格昂貴、體積龐大。在此，我們使用單晶片MCS-51來取代PLC作為控制器，並對各級感測器的正常與否進行偵測，以保護熱泵壓縮機、避免誤動作。當任何一個感測器出現故障時，系統可自行偵測錯誤，並提供故障元件代號，這種做法大大改進了傳統熱泵機台的維修模式，使得熱泵的維護變得相當簡易。 本論文並以實際溫度的量測與控制進行控制器的有效性評估，由實驗結果可知，本論文所設計控制器將可完全取代傳統控制器，提供更佳的熱泵控制器選擇。另外，本論文利用單晶片結合模糊控制，以溫度感測器PT100電路與SCR相位調整模組設計具自我調整式(Self-tuning)模糊控制器，依環境的變化自動微調修正操控量，來控制加熱器的輸出功率，以改進傳統上只能做"開"和"關"指令的缺點，因此，可以達到更好的溫度控制效果。
並列摘要
Most of heaters use fuel, gas or electricity to produce heat. However, these methods are expensive and generate amount of CO2. In order to protect the environment and save the energy, the solar energy heaters are applied. But solar energy heater can not provide the same performance in both winter and summer. Especially in a rainy day, the solar heater is equal to out of order. At the same time, its transform efficiency is still bad. But we can get heat energy from nature by heat pump through compression, expansion and heat exchange to generate hot water. Comparing with conventional solar energy type of equipments and the other heaters, the heat pump conserves energy and protects environment efficiently. Traditionally, the heat pump is controlled by Programmable logic controller (PLC). But, PLC has disadvantages of expensive price and huge size. Here, we use MCS-51 to control heat pump instead of PLC. This controller can detect each sensor which is normal or not in order to protect the compressor and prevent fault action. When any sensor is break down, system will detect each fault number and provide the information to user or repairer. This method improves the maintenance of traditional heat pump. Experimental results through several temperature control measurements show that this work provides a cheap and effective way to control heat pumps. At the same time, we combine single chip and fuzzy control, and we use PT100 circuit and SCR phase adjust module for designing a self-tuning fuzzy controller. This controller can adjust output power of heater slightly and automatically according to environmental changes. In this way, we have better control effects.