- 學位論文
溶劑型和水性電活性聚脲酯彈性體薄膜的製備鑑定及其在氣體分離和滲透蒸發上的應用研究
Synthesis, characterization of Solvent-based and Water-based electroactive polyurethane elastomer membrane and their application in Gas separation and pervaporation
摘要
本研究將具有電活性的苯胺三聚體(ACAT)導入水性聚氨酯中，成功製備出高機械度的電活性聚氨酯彈性體，並且有良好的透氣性，可有效應用在透氣薄膜上。 首先利用苯胺與 4,4'-二氨基二苯胺(para-phenylenediamine)合成出苯胺三聚體，利用傅立葉轉換紅外光譜儀(FTIR)、1H 核磁共振儀(1H NMR)，和電噴霧離子源時間飛行質譜儀(ESI-TOF-MASS)鑑定高分子的結構與探討。 水性聚氨酯預聚體是利用聚ε - 己内酯(PCL)、2-2二羥甲基丙酸(DMPA)和環己基異氰酸酯(H12DMI)進行反應。接著將水性聚氨酯預聚體與ACAT共聚合製備出水性電活性聚氨酯彈性體(WEPU)；聚脲酯預聚體是利用異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯（IPDI）與聚醚二元醇（PTMG）進行反應。接著將聚氨酯預聚體與 ACAT 共聚合製備出具溶劑型電活性聚氨酯彈性體（SEPU）；而聚氨酯預聚體與異佛爾酮二胺（IPDA）共聚合製備出溶劑型聚氨酯彈性體（SPU）。 對於電活性高分子薄膜的機械強度、光學性質、熱性質、表面潤濕性、電性與透氣性的探討，分別利用了循環伏特安培儀(CV)、萬用拉力試驗機、示差掃描量熱儀(DSC)、熱重分析儀(TGA)、接觸角計(contact angle)與氣體穿透分析儀(GPA)和滲透蒸發(PV)進行研究。 實驗發現在滲透蒸發上通透量會隨著添加ACAT以及溫度增加而有所上升，選擇性則會因溫度以及薄膜親水性或是立體結構改變而產生變化，造成此現象主要原因可能有兩種: 1.立體障礙 2.帶電性。經由未摻雜、摻雜和逆摻雜測試薄膜透過量大小:摻雜>未摻雜>逆摻雜，選擇性大小: 摻雜>未摻雜>逆摻雜。
並列摘要
In this study, the electroactive amine-capped aniline trimer (ACAT) was incorporated into solvent-based and waterborne polyurethane (PU) to give several electroactive PU membranes, which with high mechanical strength, better air permeability, simultaneously. For the synthesis of ACAT, aniline was reacted with 4,4-Aminodiphenylamine followed by characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MASS). Subsequently, for the preparation of electroactive waterborne polyurethane (WPU) membrane, WPU pre-polymer was first prepared by reacting poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) with 2,2-dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and cyclohexyl isocyanate (H12DMI). Secondly, the electroactive WPU was prepared by incorporating with ACAT. Moreover, for the preparation of electroactive solvent-based polyurethane membrane (SPU), the polyurea acrylate prepolymer was prepared by using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) reacting with a polyether diol (PTMG), following by introducing the ACAT into polymer to yield the electroactive SPU membrane. Mechanical strength of electroactivity, optical properties, thermal properties, surface wettability and permeability of PU membrane was studied by using a circulating apparatus (CV), a universal tensile testing machine, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), contact angle meter (contact angle) and gas permeability analyzer (GPA), respectively. It should be noted that the selectivity of pervaporation for electroactive WPU and SPU membrane was increased as compared to that of non-electroactive PU membranes.