- 學位論文
家族經營與地方社會─以明代湖州歸安茅氏為例
Familial Management and the Local Society－According to the Mao family in Huzhou Guean in Ming Dynasty
摘要
本文以明代湖州地區作為研究背景，探討茅氏家族的興起因素、發展過程、經營方式及其最末的衰頹。研究中可以發現家族與地方社會間的密切互動，並粗略的比較了湖州地區其他家族與茅家間經營方式的異同。茅家自歸安地區發跡，藉由產業的經營活動，厚植了經濟實力，進而透由鄉里社會的福利事業活動，提升家族聲望，如：設義田、捐賑，並進而利用地區的人際網絡開展，以姻親、同年等方式，提升家族在士人圈的能見度，而後更以印刷出版、著述事業及園林活動等藝文活動為經營方向，更為密切的掌握了文化資源。從茅家在經濟產業到文化產業的投資方向的轉變，也可說明家族在人力資源上的切實掌控與活絡調配，與同時期的范氏、董氏家族相較，茅氏可說確有其經營的獨到之處。但家族的發展能否永續長存，仍與政權是否穩定密切相關，在明清政權交替之際，茅家亦無法完全倖免，經過朝代更迭的衝擊，茅家在地方社會的影響與重要性，已日益衰退。
並列摘要
The thesis, adopting Huzhou Guean in Ming dynasty as its background, aims to investigate the Mao family’s start, expansion, management, and its ruin. The study shows that the Mao family interacted closely with the local society and their familial management styles differed from others in this area by approximate comparison. The Mao family strengthened their economy and enhanced reputation with investment in such social welfare activities in villages as non-benefiting farms and helping the stricken. The Mao family utilized the relationships from affinity to build the status in the Gentry. Then, the Mao family invested the publishing, writing, and the garden for the gentry’s party. These ways helped the Mao family to pre-dominate the cultural resources. When the Mao family transformed business investment to cultural industries, the family allocated more and more personnel resources well. This displays the Mao family, compared with the Fong family and Dong family, had some special tactics in familial management. However, the Mao family in the Ming-Qing regime transformation was not able to stay out. Their importance and influence in the society faded for the impact from the dynasty transformation.