教會、族群與認同－以埔里愛蘭巴宰族為例

本文主要在探討居住在埔里愛蘭的巴宰族人早在一百三十八年前接受基督教信仰的，隨著教會組織的影響以及平埔文化復振運動的推行，如何透過教會來形塑巴宰族人的認同以及文化活動展演的建構。審視近年來平埔族群文化復振的過程，可以發現到各族在歷史變遷下，呈現出不同的文化型態。然而在愛蘭台地上唯獨埔里愛蘭巴宰族是集體改信基督教，因此，教會所扮演的角色以及面對過去傳統文化的詮釋則為重要之關鍵。為探究上述問題，本研究針對埔里愛蘭的巴宰族人進行相關之研究。過去巴宰族則有傳統神靈觀與祭儀，直到1871年長老教會傳入至今，教會成為一個形塑集體記憶與族群認同的場域以及給予族人凝聚族群意識的力量。另一方面則將透過母語的傳承、歌謠的演變與過新年的活動不斷地展演，來描繪出巴宰族人在文化復振的過程中，如何喚起過去的記憶與族人共同的歷史記憶以及深受基督信仰的巴宰族人如何去詮釋文化展演之內涵。

關鍵字

平埔；巴宰；文化復振；集體記憶；族群認同

並列摘要

This study is to investigate how the Pazih , who lived in Ailan, Puli and started to believe in Christianity one hundred and thirty eight years ago, form their ethnic identity and develop their cultural activities through the influence of the church with the progress of the Pingpu Cultural Revival Movements. Different Pingpu ethnic groups have performed the different cultural activities through the progress of the Pingpu Cultural Revival Movements in the recent years. In Ailan Plateau, the Pazih are the only Pingpu ethnic group being popular with the Christian faith. Thus the role of the church and the interpretation of the traditional cultures are the important keys to their Cultural Revival Movements. Through our study, we observed that the Pazih believed in the traditional deities and spirits with the ritual until the establishment of the Presbyterian Church in 1871. The church became a place where carries the common memory and forms the ethnic identification of the Pazih. We also prescribed how the Pazih , deeply with the Christian faith, interpreted their culture through passing down the mother language to the new generation and performing the revolution in the folk songs and the progressive developments in the New Year activities in the progress of the Cultural Revival Movements.