永續發展議題之零碳遊程規劃

過去觀光業被譽為「無煙囪產業」，而在人類活動與環境保護的社會問題被討論劇烈的現今，更多證據顯示觀光產業的碳排放量已達全球碳排放量的8%(Malik, A. et al., 2018)。近年地球極端氣候、生物多樣性銳減、糧食危機等危及生物存續的議題，都顯示由過量的二氧化碳等溫室氣體所造成。人類發展與生物生態系統有密不可分的關係，過度由自然環境中掠取資源將導致不可逆的耗竭，更無益永續發展的實現，思考如何師法自然、與自然共存的解決方法，能兼顧經濟成長、社會進步與環境保護也才有可能創造美好永續的未來。聯合國2015年「巴黎協定」明訂各國減碳排放量目標，目的在減緩地球暖化速度，碳關稅的實施迫使國際貿易產業由低碳排策略加速進行以達成「碳中和」與「淨零碳排」目標。只要有生物活動就會有碳排放，觀光產業亟需以新思維應用新技術以符合國際趨勢之發展。本研究關注觀光產業的永續發展議題，以符合國際淨零碳排趨勢，盤點傳統觀光遊程中所產生的碳排放量，後以移除碳排放熱點積極減量與轉型，最後進行碳揭露與碳抵換，設計達成碳中和的零碳遊程以實現觀光遊程碳中和目標，實踐觀光永續發展。研究結果符合國際減碳規範、達成觀光產業零碳遊程之永續目標，提供業界計算應用之參考與新思維之管理模式。

關鍵字

永續發展；永續觀光；以自然為本的觀點；低碳發展；零碳；遊程規劃

並列摘要

In the past, the tourism industry was known as a「Smokeless Industry」. Recently, social issues in human activities and environmental protection have been discussed intensely. More evidence shows that the carbon emissions of the tourism industry have reached 8% of global emissions (Malik, A. et al., 2018). In recent years, the extreme climate of the earth, the sharp decline of biodiversity, the food crisis and other issues that endanger the survival of organisms. All are shown to be caused by excess greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. Human development is inextricably linked to biological ecosystems, excessive plundering of resources from the natural environment will effectuate irreversible depletion. It is not beneficial to the realization of sustainable development. Consider the solution of how to learn from nature and coexist with nature. Only by considering how to learn from nature and coexist with nature, while also taking into account economic growth, social progress and environmental protection, thus, we could create a beautiful and sustainable future. The United Nations「Paris Agreement」clearly stipulated the carbon emission reduction targets of each country in 2015. The purpose is to slow down the rate of global warming. The policy of carbon border tax forces the international trade industry to accelerate its low-carbon emission strategy to achieve goals: Carbon-neutral and Net Zero Emissions. As long as biological activities there will have carbon emissions. The tourism industry urgently needs to apply new technologies with new thinking to meet the development of international trends. This study focuses on the sustainable development of the tourism industry. In line with the international trend of Net Zero Carbon Emissions, quantification the carbon emissions of traditional sightseeing tourism through Carbon Footprint Verification. Then, actively reduce and transform to remove carbon emission hotspots. Finally implement carbon disclosure and carbon offset. And design a Carbon-neutral tourism to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality for sightseeing tours and achieve sustainable development of tourism. The research results, conform to the international carbon reduction norms and achieve the sustainable goal of zero carbon emissions in the tourism industry. The results can provide a reference for the tourism industry in computing applications and a management model for new thinking.