大學生工讀、財務、家庭背景對金錢態度與理財行為之影響－以人格特質為調節

大學階段學生開始展露獨立自主的能力，加上面臨經濟壓力和理財決策，需要承擔更多自我管理，包括控制日常開支、規劃課外打工收入等，理財行為也會受到許多因素的影響，例如工讀行為、財務現況、家庭背景等，同時也會受到對金錢的態度以及人格特質等影響。本研究以現仍在學大學生為主要研究對象，探討大學生的金錢態度對理財行為表現的影響，同時考量人格特質可能造成的干擾影響。研究發現，金錢態度中的「維持保留」構面對理財行為表現有顯著的正向影響，這一點在複迴歸分析中得到進一步證實。具有理財規劃、儲蓄和投資行為的學生，其金錢態度對相應理財行為的影響更為顯著。人格特質在金錢態度與理財行為的關係中起到一定的調節作用，同時也直接影響理財行為表現。此外，學生的背景因素如性別、學院、工讀經驗和財務狀況等，也會對其金錢態度和理財行為產生顯著影響。本研究建議是在理財教育中重點培養「維持保留」的金錢態度，採取多元教學方式，並因應學生的不同特質提供個性化指導。同時要利用社會資源，邀請業界人士分享經驗。未來研究可探討文化差異的影響，採用質性研究方法深入分析影響因素，並開展長期追蹤研究釐清因果關係。總之，提升大學生理財素養需要全方位的大學教育以及社會各界的參與。

關鍵字

工讀行為；個人財務；家庭背景；金錢態度；人格特質；理財行為

並列摘要

University students begin to demonstrate their ability for independence and autonomy. Faced with economic pressures and financial decisions, they need to take on more self-management responsibilities, including controlling daily expenses and planning for income from part-time jobs. Their financial behavior is influenced by many factors, such as part-time work experience, financial situation, family background, as well as their attitudes towards money and personality traits. This study primarily focused on current university students as the main research subjects, exploring the impact of university students' money attitudes on their financial behavior performance, while also considering the potential interfering effects of personality traits. The research found that the "retention-preservation" dimension of money attitudes has a significant positive impact on financial behavior performance, which was further confirmed in the multiple regression analysis. Students with financial planning, savings, and investment behaviors showed more significant influences of their money attitudes on corresponding financial behaviors. Personality traits play a certain moderating role in the relationship between money attitudes and financial behaviors, while also directly influencing financial behavior performance. Additionally, students' background factors such as gender, college, part-time work experience, and financial situation also significantly affect their money attitudes and financial behaviors. The study recommends focusing on cultivating the "retention" money attitude in financial education, adopting diverse teaching methods, and providing personalized guidance based on students' different characteristics. At the same time, it is necessary to utilize social resources and invite industry professionals to share their experiences. Future research can explore the influence of cultural differences, adopt qualitative research methods to deeply analyze influencing factors, and conduct long-term follow-up studies to clarify causal relationships. In short, improving college students' financial literacy requires comprehensive university education and participation from all sectors of society. This study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the relationships among college students' attitudes toward money, personality traits, and financial behavior, revealing the psychological motivations influencing the financial decision-making of the younger generation. It also intends to propose appropriate educational strategies to address the characteristics of different groups, with the goal of providing a theoretical basis and practical recommendations for improving financial education for college students. Ultimately, this study seeks to promote positive financial attitudes and habits among college students, preparing them for independent living.