台商在中國大陸投資的城市因素

台商到中國大陸投資的區位選擇近年來一直是管理學者熱門的研究議題，但很多研究並未探討台商到中國大陸投資的城市因素。本研究之主旨以實證分析中國大陸各城市之特性對於台灣廠商直接投資區位選擇的影響，根據理論與投資現況提出實證模型與假設，探討各城市之整體投資環境、總體競爭力、生活品質、市場潛力以及其他因素影響台灣廠商到中國大陸投資的區位選擇。實證分析模型利用因素分析法以及複迴歸分析模型為依據：本研究彙整台灣區電機電子工業同業公會所出版的中國大陸地區投資環境與風險調查、中國城市生活質量報告以及證券交易所所公開之上市上櫃之台商電子業赴大陸對外投資資訊總表等次級資料作為實證資料來源。本研究實證結果發現，城市總體競爭力構面之強弱攸關於對台商至中國大陸投資區位有顯著的影響。城市之生活品質構面對區位選擇有正向的影響；生活品質及人民素養程度越高，則會吸引廠商到當地投資，可能因為生活反映能為市民以及外來人口提供所有的日常生活所需要的設備、環境、技術及服務等客觀狀況，亦可反映社會的特徵。市場潛力構面對於台商至中國大陸投資區位選擇有正向且顯著的影響，其中平均工資呈負向的效果；顯示在勞工成本方面，極高的勞動成本會影響廠商的獲利，故廠商會傾向選擇平均工資低廉之勞動環境進行投資。另外，本研究發現台商赴中國大陸投資之金額對外商企業赴大陸的地點選擇有正向且顯著的影響。

關鍵字

台商；對外投資；區位選擇

並列摘要

The Determinants of Location Selection for Taiwanese Firm in China have been hot issues in international business recent years. However, many researches did not consider the determinants of city selection for Taiwanese firm in China. The core of this study focuses on the fact that the determinants of city selection for Taiwanese firm in China would be influenced by the factor of location. According to the theories and present situation, conducting empirical models and hypotheses investigated the effects of the location factors about overall environmental investment aspect, overall competitiveness advantage aspect, the quality of living aspect, market potential and others within city. Institute of the theoretical methods used Factor Analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis method. This study integrate Taiwan Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association publication of the“Mainland China region to investigate the investment environment and risks”, “Quality of life in urban China” and Taiwan electronics industry on the mainland of the total outward investment information, such as secondary data as evidence information sources. The study has found that Cities’ competitiveness, overall quality of life and Market potential aspect are positive influence the investment decisions of Taiwanese firm in China. Overall quality of life in the city positively influence the investment decisions, reflect the life to the public as well as the foreign population of all the equipment needed for daily life, the environment, technology, services and so on the objective situation can also reflect the social characteristics. However, the average salary of employees is negatively influence the investment decisions of Taiwanese firm in China. It shows high labor costs will affect the profits of manufacturers, the manufacturers would prefer an average wage of low-cost labor environment for investment. We also found that the money invested by Taiwanese firm has positive influence the determinants of city selection for foreign businessman.