- 學位論文
政策不確定性對保險業之影響-以防疫保單為例
Impact of Policy Uncertainty on Insurance–By case of the Covid-19 Insurance
摘要
「保險產品」的特性在於面對共同風險時，藉由聚合團體或個人的資金成為保障力量，在成員受到危害時適時提供援助，藉以達到分散風險、補償損失的功用；而其作為「商品」的本質乃是獲取利潤，保險公司應控管風險賺取營收，對投資股東負起責任。 嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎 (Coronavirus disease 2019，縮寫 COVID-19，又稱新冠肺炎) 自 2019 於中國發現第一死亡病例，並於短時間內迅速擴散至全球，世界衛生組織於 2020年1月30日宣布此為一公共衛生緊急事件，台灣也於同月15日將其列為國內第五類法定傳染病。因防堵疫情擴散，全球經濟活動嚴重衰退，民眾生活大受影響；為協助政府穩定民心並盡到企業應負之社會責任，國內各家保險業者於2020年底陸續推出防疫相關保單，在提供民眾另一種保障之餘，也開創出另一項商機。 2022年新冠肺炎本土疫情大爆發，防疫政策轉向、民眾搶購保單、保險公司與民眾在保單續保及理賠糾紛、金管會宣布理賠條件的放寬…種種因素導致保險業產生鉅額虧損。據金管會統計，2022年全台共計賣出730萬張防疫保單，保費收入55.7億元，理賠金額則是高達2116億元。 本研究邀請產業、學界兩方面專家進行訪談，同時統整主管機關所公告、發表的訊息與言論，梳理出一連串造成此事件發生之成因，並以保單發行前的風險評估、風險變化時監理機關與業者的因應與作為、以及防疫相關保險商品是否為可保風險三個部分進行討論。本研究認為造成保險業鉅額虧損之最大因素為業者未能審慎評估保單內部及外部風險；並提出幾項建言，期望保險業未來能夠從新出發，重視風險管理，重塑社會信任。
並列摘要
Coronavirus disease 2019, abbreviated as COVID-19 has found the first death case in China since 2019, and spread rapidly to the world in a short period of time. The World Health Organization announced on January 30, 2020 Declaring this as a public health emergency, Taiwan also listed it as the fifth domestic notifiable infectious disease on the 15th of the same month. Due to the prevention and control of the spread of the epidemic, global economic activities have severely declined, and people's lives have been greatly affected; in order to help the government stabilize people's hearts and fulfill the social responsibilities of enterprises, various domestic insurance companies have successively launched Covid Insurance at 2020. In addition to another kind of protection, it also creates another business opportunity. In 2022, the local outbreak of COVID-19. Various factors have led to huge losses in the insurance industry. According to statistics from the Financial Supervisory Commission, in 2022, Taiwan will sell a total of 7.3 million Covid Insurance, with a premium income of 5.57 billion yuan and a claim amount of 211.6 billion yuan. This study invites experts from the industry and academia to conduct interviews. At the same time, it integrates the announcements, messages and remarks issued by the competent authority to sort out a series of causes that caused the incident. The industry's response and action are discussed in three parts. This study believes that the biggest factor causing the huge losses of the insurance industry is that the industry failed to carefully assess the internal and external risks of the insurance policy; and put forward several suggestions, hoping that the insurance industry can start from a new start in the future, pay attention to risk management, and rebuild social trust.