書寫親征：康熙朝《親征平定朔漠方略》纂修探析

《親征平定朔漠方略》（以下簡稱《朔漠方略》）為第五部「方略類」史書，內容記述康熙帝親征噶爾丹事蹟，是研究該戰事的關鍵史料。康熙年間（1661-1722）官方初次編纂「方略類」的史書，這類史書多在戰事結束後，當朝組織人員、蒐集官書，執行史書的編修。《朔漠方略》的編纂過程與其書的作用具有相當關係。此書自啟動編纂至成書、頒賜的過程與經驗，直接影響了日後官方記述戰事的態度，在戰事結束後便進行「方略類」史書的編纂活動。經由史料梳理與比對，對於清朝編纂《朔漠方略》的過程，以及其它有關《方略》的活動，可分為三個部份來重新認識：（1）成書的過程，包含組織方略館、選用編纂人員、選定編修方式與蒐集官書。（2）史書告成後，經由收貯、頒賜等等方式，使《方略》流傳。（3）康熙朝編纂《朔漠方略》的相關活動，影響乾隆朝以後編纂「方略類」史書的活動。在梳理《朔漠方略》的編纂過程中，康熙三十五年（1696）先行編纂了〈朔漠紀略〉，之後多數的《朔漠方略》均附載此一文本。康熙三十六年（1697）編纂《朔漠方略》時，將康熙帝親征噶爾丹事蹟刻碑立於太學，也收入此書之中。《朔漠方略》告成以後，收貯於八旗官學、皇史宬等官學場所，同時頒賜予百官中的武官。乾隆朝（1735-1795）以後編纂的「方略類」史書，不再見到「紀略」與「方略」並存一書，但是編纂史書、立碑太學、頒賜官員等做法卻成為典範，而獲得繼續行用。

關鍵字

方略；噶爾丹；史書；史學史

並列摘要

Qinzheng Pingding Shuomo Fanglue (History of the Qing-Dzungar Wars, hereinafter referred to as Shuomo Fanglue) is the fifth one of its kind, it contains the direct record of the conquest of Dzngar by Emperor Kangxi. Fanglue in Emperor Kangxi (1661-1722) period is the first official compilation of contemporary history about wars and the example of its kind later on. Government would ask officials to start the official process of history editing. It had usually started to be compiled and edited the record and documents of wars after the end of wars. Shuomo Fanglue had affected official activities about this kind of compilation of history after then. The process of Shuomo Fanglue editing and other related activities could be re-understood in three parts: i. the process of collecting, compilation, and other editing activities; ii. the circulation of Shuomo Fanglue; iii. other political activities about Shuomo Fanglue in the times of Emperor Kangxi and after Him. Through analyzing the editing process of Shuomo Fanglue could we understand that Qing government would make it the paradigm of Fanglue the same kind of Shuomo Fanglue, and how they would be put into practice in educational, political, and other different ways.