孟菲斯設計風格個案研究與創作

Memphis 或許存在的時間並不長，卻對於產品設計的精神啟發及個人化消費性產品和工業設計的起飛有著重要的啟蒙性意義，其風格也廣泛影響了美國、歐洲及日本的設計發展。後續至現今在許多國際設計師的延伸發展下於時尚、藝術與設計產業皆有廣泛性的應用及影響。本研究將探究Memphis是如何透過Ettore Sottsass的領導將欲傳遞的訊息透過作品融入於設計之中，透過設計作品與社會形成對話，而其意義與時代演化下所產生的影響及相互之間的關係。將設計回歸到從歷史的角度為出發點，如同Ettore Sottsass所倡導的理念進行思考、實驗、創造，並了解如何將設計作品涵蓋並傳達對當前社會的省思或訊息，探究其理念與邏輯，將設計突破並追求進步。本研究目標分為兩部分，一為根據Memphis極具代表性的作品共27件，調查自Memphis成立至解散1981-1988年間其作品在時代背景下各設計師創作的原因、理念、過程、欲傳達的訊息，運用個案研究法進行縱向收集包括文獻、文件、訪談紀錄、檔案資料、直接觀察、間接觀察、實體的人造物等，再經由橫向面去探討當中存在的共通性、邏輯性與關聯性；透過蒐集與歸納Memphis作品的歷史文獻資料，進一步分析各作品之間的關聯性與共通性特徵，藉此統整出Memphis Design的哲理，對後續至今的影響及相互之間的關係，以及設計風格特徵與表現形式；二為Memphis設計風格於近代之應用案例探討，以Memphis風格設計應用的案例相當多，本研究將針對較具完整性的應用案例進行比對及討論，將截至今時的Memphis經過不同世代的設計師延伸及轉化，探討其意義與時代相互影響之間的關係。最後根據研究結果，Memphis設計作品進行案例研究共27件並探討其共通性、邏輯性和關聯性中具有以下幾項要點，包括：「創新思維」、「實驗精神」、「圖騰式設計」、「儀式感」、「無用的設計」、「未來的訊息」、「重視整合」、「強調突破性結構」、「對生活持續熱情」以及追求「感官的世界」；本研究並發現，在邏輯性的前提下以設計師作區分，在不同設計師的作品當中具有一定的連結性，在相同設計師下的作品卻又擁有獨自的特色及脈絡。最後，將其概念應用於傢俱設計創作之中，透過研究結果的啟發，將欲傳達對現今社會的訊息融入於符合現代產品的設計之中。並透過研究了解到，Memphis是如何透過設計作品傳遞訊息以及為何要透過設計與社會進行對話，在時代的演化下，設計經過時代的演化是如何相互作用與影響。期待領會運用設計作品創造出對話、溝通、亦或傳達的概念邁向21世紀的未來。

關鍵字

孟菲斯；孟菲斯設計；後現代主義；傢俱設計；產品設計；誒索特斯；隱喻

並列摘要

Memphis design may not exist for a long time, but it has important enlightening significance for the spiritual inspiration of product design and the take-off of personalized consumer products and industrial design. Its style has also widely influenced the design development of the United States, Europe and Japan. Since then, it has been widely applied and influenced in the fashion, art and design industries under the extended development of many international designers. This research will explore how Memphis, through the leadership of Ettore Sottsass, integrated the message to be transmitted into the design through the work, and formed a dialogue with the society through the design work, and its significance and the impact of the evolution of the times and their relationship. Regress the design from a historical perspective. Think, experiment, and create as the idea advocated by Ettore Sottsass, and understand how does the design work cover and convey the thought or message about the current society. Explore its philosophy and logic, break through the design and pursue progress. This research goal is divided into two parts. One is, referring to Memphis's most representative works, a total of 27 art works are divided into early and late stages according to the year of publish. Investigate the reasons, ideas, processes, and messages to be conveyed by designers in the era of Memphis from the establishment to the dissolution of Memphis from 1981 to 1988. Use case studies to analyze, collect and summarize historical documents of Memphis works, and further analyze the relevance and common characteristics of each work, and thus unify Memphis Design's philosophy, its impact on the future and the relationship between them, as well as the design style characteristics and way of expressions. The other part is the study the application cases of Memphis design style in modern times. There are many cases of design applications in Memphis style, this study will compare and discuss the more complete application cases. For the extend and transform Memphis through the designers from different generations, it will explore the relationship between its significance and the interaction of the times. Finally, based on the results of the research, the concept will be applied on the creation of product design. Through the inspiration of the research results, how to integrate the message to the modern society into the design of modern products, I hope that using the design work will create dialogues, make communication, or convey concepts towards the future of the 21st century. Finally, based on the research results, Memphis designed works to conduct a total of 27 case studies and discussed the commonality, logic and relevance of the following points, including: "innovative thinking", "experimental spirit", "totem design", "Ritual sense", "useless design", "future message", "emphasis on integration", "emphasis on the structure without so-called necessary", "sustained passion for life" and the pursuit of "sensory world"; this study also found that Under the premise of logic, the designer is used to distinguish them. There is a certain connection between the works of different designers, but the works under the same designer have their own unique characteristics and context. Finally, the concept is applied to the creation of furniture design. Through the inspiration of the research results, the message to be conveyed to the present society is integrated into the design of modern products. And through research, I learned how Memphis communicates through design works and why it needs to have a dialogue with society through design. Under the evolution of the times, how does design history interact and influence. I look forward to understanding the use of design works to create concepts of dialogue, communication, or communication towards the future of the 21st century.