摘要
日治時期的台南州斗六郡，郡內設有斗六街、斗南庄（1940年升格為斗南街）、古坑庄、莿桐庄及大埤庄，郡內主要產業雖是務農為主，但當台灣總督府於1934年開始推廣「一街庄一社」及1938年鼓勵各地設立攝末社後，斗六郡皆配合台灣總督府的政策，在終戰前建造共計17間神社（另外一間預計建設，最終未執行），為台灣最多神社的郡級行政單位；而在終戰前共計有16間攝末社分佈在全台各地，其中9間攝末社，即超過一半以上的攝末社是在斗六郡內設立。這些神社的設立讓斗六郡幾乎完成「一街庄一社」，甚至有街庄達成「一部落一社」，大大的回應台灣總督府的期待。 1936年，台灣總督府一改過去對台灣傳統宗教「溫存」、「放任」的態度，欲「改善」、「打破」台灣的傳統宗教，此時到1941年10月止，台灣各地陸續進行寺廟整理。因大日本帝國憲法的關係，台灣總督府不能直接命令各地進行寺廟整理，因此台灣各行政單位的寺廟整理程度也不同，然而全台灣共有三個市郡級行政單位達成寺廟整理比率100％，斗六郡便是其中之一。 本文透過官方檔案、神社收支預算書、報紙、口述和田野調查，探究是什麼因素讓斗六郡建造大量的神社，並將寺廟整理比率推行至100％，而郡內領導階級與台灣人地方「有力者」在這之中擔任什麼樣的角色，並嘗試還原斗六郡內在經歷神社建造與寺廟整理後造成之影響。
並列摘要
Toroku county of Tainan state under Japanese rule, including Toroku gai, Tonan shô (which was raised as Tonan gai in 1940), Koken shô, Tudon shô and Daihi shô. Although the main industry in Toroku county was agriculture, after Taiwan governor general's officee started to promote at least one Shinto Shrines should be built in each gaishô (Ichi Gaishô Ichi Sha) in 1934 and Setsumatsusha should be establishment in each places in 1938, Toroku county definitely obeyed the policy. 17 Shinto Shrines were built in Toroku county before the end of the war (the 18th Shinto Shrines was intended to be establishment but failed ultimately). Toroku county became the county which built the most Shinto Shrines in Taiwan. In the other hand, there were 16 Setsumatsusha built among Taiwan, 9 Setsumatsusha were establishment in Toroku county. Toroku county achieve the policy of Taiwan governor general's office approximately. Taiwan governor general's office had more tolerance for traditional religion of Taiwan before, but the government decided to modify and destroy Taiwanese traditional religion instead in 1936. Hereafter, Temple Reorganization was promoted in Taiwan. According to the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, Taiwan governor general's office had no right to command each county to put Temple Reorganization into effect directly. Therefore, the processes of Temple Reorganization were different between each county. However, there were three counties among Taiwan completely achieved Temple Reorganization, Toroku county was one of the counties. Firstly, the thesis is going to research the reason why Toroku county was able to establishment abundant Shinto Shrines and achieve Temple Reorganization completely. Secondly, researching what roles did leading class and local authority play in Temple Reorganization of Toroku county. At last, analyzing the influence of Temple Reorganization on Toroku county. The thesis is going to solve the issues above using official files, financial records of Jinjya, newspapers, oral history and field work.