- 學位論文
臺灣樟屬植物精油與純露成分分析及生物活性探討
Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils and hydrosols from Cinnamomum plants in Taiwan
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摘要
本研究以蒸氣蒸餾法萃取五種樟屬植物葉部之精油和純露，植物分別為樟樹、土肉桂、臺灣肉桂、香桂及胡氏肉桂。使用氣相層析質譜儀 (GC-MS) 分析精油和純露正己烷萃取物之成分並比較其差異。五種樟屬植物精油之成分以含氧萜類和苯丙烷類化合物為主，包含黃樟素、反式肉桂醛、桉葉油醇、丁香酚及香葉醛等，但不同植物的主要成分有明顯差異。純露的主要成分與精油類似，且成分皆為含氧的化合物。五種物種中，除臺灣肉桂外，其餘植物精油均對大腸桿菌有抑制作用。樟樹和土肉桂精油在濃度0.05%可完全抑制大腸桿菌的生長，香桂和胡氏肉桂的抑制濃度則為0.1%。純露的抑菌效果雖不如精油顯著，但是土肉桂和香桂純露，分別在濃度50%和100%時，可抑制90%大腸桿菌的生長。此外，五種精油和純露皆能清除DPPH自由基及還原亞鐵氰離子。其中香桂精油和純露的抗氧化效果最顯著，兩者濃度分別為0.025%及5%時，已將DPPH自由基達100%的清除，而還原亞鐵氰離子之能力，明顯高於其他物種。另一方面，在相同濃度區間下，臺灣肉桂的精油和純露之抗氧化效果皆是最差的。進一步的實驗發現，精油和純露的總酚類含量與還原力測定存在顯著之相關性。
並列摘要
Essential oils and hydrosols from five Cinnamomum plants, Cinna-momum camphora, Cinnamomoum osmophloeum Kanehira, Cinnamo-mum insulari-montanum Hayata, Cinnamomum subavenium Miq. and Cinnamomum macrostemon Hayata were extracted by steam distillation. Chemical composition was analyzed by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Major components of the essential oils are oxygenated terpenes and phenylpropane compounds, including camphor, cinnamaldehyde, eucalyptol, eugenol, and geranial. However, notable variations were observed among the different species. Hydrosols showed similar components to the corresponding essential oils, consisting mainly of oxygenated compounds. Except for C. insulari-montanum, essential oils from the other four plants exhibited inhibitory effects against E. coli. Essential oils from C. camphora and C. osmophloeum completely ended the growth of E. coli. at 0.05% (v/v), while C. subavenium and C. macro-stemon showed inhibitory effects at 0.1% (v/v). Although hydrosols showed less significant antibacterial effect compared to the essential oils, C. osmophloeum and C. subavenium hydrosols inhibited 90% of E. coli growth at 50% and 100% (v/v), respectively. All five essential oils and hydrosols demonstrated the ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and reduce ferrocyanide. Essential oil and hydrosol from C. subavenium exhibited the most potent antioxidant effects that achieving 100% scavenging of DPPH radicals at 0.025% and 5%, respectively. Further experiments indicated a significant correlation between the total phenolic amount of the essential oils and hydrosols to their reducing power.
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