大陸初中教科書中的性別意識形態-以上海地區「道德與法治」教科書為例

本研究旨在探討中國大陸上海地區初中道德與法制教科書中所隱藏的性別意識形態。分別從「性別比例分配」、「性別特質」、「家庭領域」、「職業領域」、「參與活動」五個類目分析，並以中國大陸上海地區初中道德與法治課教科書的兩種版本(人教版和滬教版)為例，經由分析中國大陸上海地區初中生正在使用的道德與法治教科書之結果，獲致下列幾點研究發現：一、上海道德與法治教科書中存在性別意識形態的知識內容二、家庭領域中依然展現男主外女主內的傾向三、男性參與職業和參與活動更加豐富四、兩種版本的教科書中呈現之兩性性別特質並未擺脫傳統讚許之性別特質五、人教版教科書在兩性比重分配上優於滬教版提供性別意識公允的教科書，是教科書編寫者與出版商的共同責任，因此筆者分別從教科書內容以及編著者角度以及后续研究的角度提出了幾點的建議。一、針對教科書中的內容，在圖片文字方面不僅要次數上的均衡也類別上的均衡，更加注重內容多元化。二、針對教科書的編寫者，組織更加多元的編輯團隊，更加重視教科書中的性別教育，善於利用文字和圖片，有效的傳達出更多平別平等的教育意涵。

關鍵字

道德與法治教科書；性別意識形態；性別主義

並列摘要

This study explores the gender ideology hidden in Morality and Law textbooks being used by junior high school students in Shanghai, Mainland China. By analyzing five categories, namely, "gender distribution," "gender traits," "family domain," "occupational domain," and "participation in activities," and taking the two versions of Morality and Law textbooks for junior high schools in Shanghai, Mainland China (the People's Education Press and Shanghai Education Press textbooks) as an example, the following findings were obtained: 1. The content of gender ideology in Shanghai Morality and Law textbooks 2. The family domain still shows a tendency for men to dominate over women. 3. Men's participation in occupations and activities is more varied. 4. The gender traits presented in the two versions of the textbooks are not free from the traditionally approved gender characteristics. 5. The People's Education Press is better than Shanghai Education Press textbooks in the proportion of two-sex appearances It is the joint responsibility of textbook writers and publishers to provide textbooks with a fair gender awareness. Therefore, the author puts forward several suggestions from the perspective of textbook content editors and students and teachers respectively. First, the content of textbooks should be balanced not only in the number of pictures but also in the number of categories, and more attention should be paid to the diversity of content. Second, textbook writers should set up a more diversified editorial team, pay more attention to gender education in textbooks, and make good use of texts and pictures to effectively convey the concepts of gender equality.