日本現代音樂先鋒山田耕筰之研究：以交響詩《黑暗之門》和《曼陀羅花》為例

明治維新是日本歷史上的重大轉折點。在這個過程中，日本從封建幕府時代逐漸轉變為現代化國家，且在社會的各個方面，包括音樂，都經歷了深刻的變革。明治維新促使日本音樂從封閉走向開放，既接受了西方音樂的影響，又保留了傳統文化的精髓。山田耕筰(Kosaku Yamada, 1886-1965)是日本現代音樂重要的奠基者，也是最初在歐洲接受音樂教育的日本作曲家之一。他致力於推動西方音樂在日本的普及，創建了日本第一個交響樂團，並創作大量管弦樂曲、室內樂以及聲樂作品。他的創作和活動推動了日本音樂的現代化，同時保留了民族特色，對日本音樂的發展及其在世界舞台上的地位產生了深遠影響。本文從明治時期的時代背景出發，探究山田耕筰的音樂歷程，透過分析他最初創作的交響詩《黑暗之門》以及《曼陀羅花》，梳理出山田耕筰對現代日本音樂發展的重要性，以及他嶄新的創作手法。

關鍵字

山田耕筰；交響詩；日本音樂；日本作曲家

並列摘要

The Meiji Restoration marked a significant turning point in Japanese history. During this period, Japan transitioned from the feudal shogunate era to a modernized nation, undergoing profound transformations across various aspects of society, including music. The Meiji Restoration facilitated the shift of Japanese music from isolation to openness, incorporating influences from Western music while preserving the essence of traditional culture. Kosaku Yamada (1886–1965), born during this transformative era, became a pivotal figure in modern Japanese music. As one of the first Japanese composers to receive formal music education in Europe, Yamada dedicated his efforts to popularizing Western music in Japan. He founded the country’s first symphony orchestra and composed numerous orchestral, chamber, and vocal works. His creations and activities not only modernized Japanese music but also retained its national character, profoundly influencing its development and its position on the global stage. This study examines Kosaku Yamada’s musical journey within the historical context of the Meiji period, focusing on his early symphonic poems, “The Dark Gate” and “Madara No Hana”. Through analysis of these works, the research highlights Yamada’s significance in the evolution of modern Japanese music and his innovative compositional techniques.