運用ALOHA模擬氰化氫氣體洩漏之擴散及其在防災整備之應用

Simulating the Diffusion of Hydrogen Cyanide Gas Leakage and Its Application of Disaster Prevention Using ALOHA

袁華圻(Hua-Chi Yuan)

指導教授 ： 詹益臨

健行科技大學/工程學院/土木工程系空間資訊與防災科技碩士班/碩士(2020年)

摘要

本研究探討大園工業區某化學材料工廠因人為或非人為因素造成化學物質洩漏及其危害的議題。利用ALOHA擴散軟體，模擬氰化氫於該區域洩漏時其影響範圍受到哪些因素（如：風速、溫度…等）的影響，並針對受影響範圍劃定警戒區域並適時疏散民眾，將災害影響降低，達到防災效果。
本研究設定107年度大園觀測站溫度及風速範圍進行模擬，其影響及搶救佈署可歸納以下結論：（1）溫度與擴散危害距離成正比。假設模擬濃度為7.1ppm時，氣溫6.4℃的擴散危害距離為7.9公里；氣溫37.6℃的擴散危害距離為8.5公里。（2）風速與擴散危害距離成反比。模擬濃度為7.1ppm時，風速1.5m/s的擴散危害距離為9.5公里；風速19.3m/s的擴散危害距離為2.2公里。（3）對於擴散危害距離的影響，風速變化遠甚於溫度變化。（4）搶救過程，處理「對」比處理「快」重要。（5）佈署方面，劃定警戒區域並保持適當距離。（6）離開災害現場需完成除汙程序。
本研究的模擬結果可預先了解氰化氫洩漏之危害範圍，並提供防災單位應變之依據。

關鍵字

ALOHA擴散軟體 ； 氰化氫洩漏 ； 災害搶救

並列摘要

This study is to discuss the leakage of hydrogen cyanide caused by human or non-human factors in one of chemical material factories in Dayuan industrial park, Taoyuan. We used ALOHA diffusion software to simulate the influencing factors (such as wind speed, temperature, etc.) and the scope of leakage in the surrounding area. According to the simulation, we could delimit the warning range for this area and evacuate people in time to reduce the impact of disasters and achieve the goal of disaster prevention.
In this study, the range of temperature and wind speed in the Dayuan Observation Station in 2018 was assumed as the input parameters to perform the simulation. The impact and rescue deployment can be summarized as follows：(1) The diffusive distance of hydrogen cyanide gas is proportional to the temperature. Given 7.1ppm of hydrogen cyanide, the diffusion distance of hydrogen cyanide gas would be 7.9 kilometers under temperature of 6.4℃；and the diffusion distance is 8.5 kilometers under temperature of 37.6℃. (2) The diffusive distance of hydrogen cyanide is inversely proportional to the wind speed. Given the same concentration of hydrogen cyanide, the diffusion distance is 9.5km under wind speed of 1.5m/s；and the diffusion distance is 2.2km under wind speed of 19.3m/s. (3) The variation of wind speed affects more on the diffusive distance of hazard than that of temperature. (4) It is more important to do "right" things than "fast" actions when dealing with the rescue process. (5) In the deployment, we must demarcate the warning area and keep proper distance from the disaster area. (6) We need to complete the decontamination steps after leaving the disaster site.

並列關鍵字

ALOHA diffusion software ； Hydrogen cyanide leakage ； Disaster rescue

參考文獻

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