智慧型手機GNSS相位觀測量之定位分析

近年來智慧型手機發展快速，且配載之高階GNSS晶片，已可提供解析度較高之載波相位觀測量。本研究係針對MI8雙頻GNSS智慧型手機接收器進行相關的定位測試，項目包含：(1)零基線測試、(2)短基線測試、(3)中基線測試等，且使用大地型測量等級PP6、PP3、DL-V3 大地型接收器觀測量進行相關成果之比對，以探討手機接收器定位成果之分析。針對手機接收器之載波相位觀測量進行後處理動態與靜態定位之成果中，零基線測試顯示，在早晚兩個時段之成果可達公分級精度(平面誤差約0.1公分，高程誤差約0.2公分)，但中午時段，其誤差會明顯變大至43公分。在短基線測試成果中，靜態定位之平面誤差在3.9~51.5公分之間，高程誤差則是1.3~15.4公分；相對而言，動態定位之平面誤差(11.6~231.0公分)與高程誤差(16.2~129.9公分)會出現更為不佳之表現。另在5公里以內之中基線測試成果可知，動態定位之平面誤差可高達88.0~141.7公分之間，相較於大地型測量等級接收器則可仍維持在2公分等級定位精度，說明手機接收器與大地型接收器之定位品質差異極大。

關鍵字

智慧型手機；載波相位；基線觀測；靜態定位；動態定位

並列摘要

In recent years, smart phones have developed rapidly, and high-order GNSS chips are equipped to provide high-resolution carrier phase observation. This research is aimed at using the MI8 smart phone as the dual-frequency GNSS receiver for related positioning tests. The tests include: (1) zero baseline test, (2) short baseline test and (3) medium baseline test. The observations are also collected using the geodetic GNSS receiver to compare the results with those obtained from the smart phone received data. The results based on post-processing kinematic and static positioning with carrier phase observations collected by the mobile phone are analyzed. The zero baseline test shows that the results based on the morning and evening data sets can reach an acceptable accuracy, where the plane error is about 0.1 cm and the vertical error is about 0.2 cm. However, the results obtained form data collected at noon, the error is increased significantly to 43 cm. In the short baseline test results, the plane error of static positioning is varied between 3.9 cm and 51.5 cm, and the vertical error is from 1.3 cm to 15.4 cm. Relatively speaking, the plane error of kinematic positioning (11.6~231.0 cm) and vertical error (16.2~129.9 cm) show even worse performance. In addition, within the baseline length less than 5 km, the kinematic results show the plane error of up to 88.0~141.7 cm, whereas the positioning accuracy of 2 cm can still be maintained by using data collected with GNSS receiver. It is clear to see that the positioning quality obtained using smart phone and GNSS receiver has great difference.