- 學位論文
台灣、德國及美國失業保險給付制度之比較研究
A Comparative Study of Unemployment Insurance between Taiwan、Germany&American
摘要
失業保險為一種強制性的社會保險制度，屬於社會安全體系的一環，由社會共同分擔可能的失業風險，保障有工作能力的被保險人，當不幸遭遇非自願性失業而未獲得適當工作之前，可以在一定期間內申請失業給付，得到最低所得保障，以維持其經濟生活的安定。失業保險的消極面可維持失業勞工生活水準，短時間內生活不致陷入困頓，積極面則是失業勞工可透過就業服務及職業訓練，盡快重新再進入職場工作，因此失業保險在定義上為社會保險而非公共救助，並非每一位失業的勞工皆能符合資格獲得補助。 國際勞工組織(簡稱ILO) 自 1919 年成立以來，即提倡失業保障之理念，強調應給予非自願失業者津貼或補助，其對於失業給付之給付金額、資格條件、給付期限等制定最低基準，作為各國建立失業保險相關制度之參考標準。1883年德國建立受雇者補償及傷病保險法，是世界失業保險之濫觴，美國亦於1935年制定社會安全法，美國國會通過立法授權各州政府建立失業保險制度。 然我國的就業保險制度於民國88年執行，並於98年修法調高可請領的月份及新增納入就業保險的身分別，中間並無修正請領的制度，希望藉由美國及德國的請領制度來借鏡我國目前的就業保險制度，以期達到積極協助勞工進入職場之效。
並列摘要
Unemployment insurance is a compulsory social insurance system, which is part of the social security system, where the risk of possible unemployment is shared by the community, and insured persons who are able to work can apply for unemployment benefits for a certain period of time and receive the minimum income protection before they unfortunately encounter involuntary unemployment without obtaining proper work. In order to maintain the stability of their economic life. The negative side of unemployment insurance can maintain the standard of living of unemployed workers, and the positive side is that unemployed workers can re-enter the workplace as soon as possible through employment services and vocational training, so that unemployment insurance is defined as social insurance rather than public assistance, and not every unemployed worker is eligible for subsidies. Since its establishment in 1919, the International Labour Organization (ILO) has promoted the concept of unemployment protection, emphasizing that involuntary unemployed persons should be granted allowances or subsidies, which establish minimum benchmarks for the amount of payment of unemployment benefits, eligibility conditions, payment deadlines, etc., as a reference standard for the establishment of unemployment insurance related systems in various countries. The establishment of the employment Compensation and Injury Insurance Act in Germany in 1883 was the origin of world unemployment insurance, the United States also enacted a Social Security Law in 1935, and the United States Congress passed legislation authorizing state governments to establish an unemployment insurance system. However, China's employment Insurance system was implemented in 88, and in 98, the law was revised to increase the availability of the month and the new status of employment insurance, there is no amendment system, I hope that through the United States and Germany's request system to draw on China's current employment insurance system, in order to actively assist workers into the workplace effect.