可變式電極的側向放電加工研究

在放電加工的研究中，因放電加工可對超硬材料做加工，而廣泛被討論。一般放電加工方式非正向即為盲孔，對盲孔或通孔之內壁溝槽加工之研究極為稀少，有鑑於此，本研究即以側向放電機構對孔內或管內的內壁加工，利用各種參數來比較材料移除率及電極耗比，探討其側向放電之可行性。本實驗設計了兩階段的側向進給結構，第一為中心主體部分，分為斜面塊與中心柱，兩者皆有45°角傾斜面，作為主要轉向之結構，並在兩側斜面塊之中心加置彈簧，使其能彈回原處。第二部分為電極部分，利用中心部分斜面塊推出之空間，使電極隨著斜面塊側向進給，在外側電極部分亦加裝了彈簧使電極能回復，此回復機構用意為使放電時能排屑渣。實驗最後為了能在管中任意位置加工，設計了一個底座固定放電加工之垂直軸，使電極能在需要加工之位置放電加工，增加其側向電極之效用。從實驗數據可以得知在不同脈寬下正向放電與側向放電的電極消耗比相當接近，但趨勢則不同，斜面擠壓式在脈寬175μs以後則逐漸上升，原因是結構的不穩定，因此設計了另一種結構為齒輪型側向電極，從本文可以了解到齒輪型側向電極的優點，以及後續的延伸性。

關鍵字

電極；側向放電機構；材料移除率

並列摘要

In the study of electrical discharge machining, electrical discharge machining can be due to do the processing of super hard materials, and widely discussed. General discharge machining method is non-positive blind holes, blind holes or through holes on the inner wall of the trench processing is extremely rare, such, this study is to bore or lateral institutions to discharge tube wall processing, using a variety of parameters to compare the material removal rate and electrode consumption than to explore the feasibility of lateral discharge. The experimental design consists of two phases of lateral feed structure, the first main part of the center is divided into blocks and the center column slope, a combination of both 45 °of the inclined plane, as a major shift of the structure, and both sides of the slope block the center of the installation of the spring, so that it can play back into place. Second electrode is divided into parts, using a central part of the launch of the space block slope, slope block side with the electrode feed, also in the outer part of the installation of the spring electrode the electrode to reply, this reply is intended to enable institutions to discharge chip slag. End of the experiment in order to anywhere in the tube processing, the design of a fixed base of the vertical axis EDM, the electrode position in the discharge process requires processing to increase the effectiveness of its lateral electrodes. Can be learned from the experimental data under different pulse width and lateral discharge of the positive discharge electrode consumption ratio is very close, but the trend is different slope in the pulse width 175μs after extrusion is gradually increased, due to structural instability, Therefore, an alternative design for the gear-type lateral electrode structure, can be learned from this type of gear the advantages of the lateral electrodes, and subsequent extension.