- 學位論文
國際貿易與能源政策對碳足跡與國內生產總額的影響
The Effect of International Trade and Energy Policies on Carbon Footprint and GDP
摘要
國家在進行經濟活動時，除了有形的經濟產出外，同時伴隨著產生無形的溫室氣體排放，然而氣候變遷已然造成全球性的影響，減少環境汙染儼然成為國際間重要的議題，因此溫室氣體的排放與經濟的發展有著密不可分的關係。本研究利用世界銀行公佈之1993年至2006年期間的國家指標，以二階段最小平方法來探討經濟發展與碳足跡間雙向影響關係，並檢視國際貿易、能源政策對碳足跡之影響。研究結果指出，貿易強度、進口總額、化石能源使用率及人均能源使用量對人均碳足跡為正向關係，出口總額對人均碳足跡為反向關係，且碳足跡與國內生產總值之間的對換關係不是平等的，以恢復環境品質所需要耗用的成本較鉅。在制定貿易政策時，進口國應調降進口製成品的比例，以及減少生產過程中產生高污染的產品進口。能源政策方面則須減少化石燃料的使用比例，以及降低國民高度仰賴能源的意願。
並列摘要
Since the concern about global climate change and carbon emissions are increasing, finding strategies to reduce environmental pollution is become an important issue for different countries. By collecting official data from the World Bank, this study has adopted two-stage least squares method to find out the relationship between economic development and carbon footprint. The influences of international trading and energy policies on carbon footprint also have been observed. Results of this study indicated that trade intensity, gross import, utilization of fossil energy and average volume of energy usage have positive relationship with carbon footprint, while gross export has negative relationship with carbon footprint. To conclude, governments should decrease the percentage of import goods which need to be further processing or could be highly contamination. The usage of fossil energy should also be reduced.