- 學位論文
主管的正向畢馬龍效應對部屬壓力源、部屬創新及部屬離職傾向的影響
The Pygmalion Effect：The Influence of Supervisor’s Expectation on Employee’s Job Stressors, Creativity and Turnover Intention
摘要
過去畢馬龍效應 (Pygmalion Effect) 在教育領域受到廣泛討論，然而在組織管理領域的相關討論與應用卻仍相當稀少。依據畢馬龍效應的假設，我們可以推論部屬的表現會反應主管對他們的期許態度及行為。然而管理學所面對的環境更為複雜，對畢馬龍效應的應用與瞭解應有更深入的討論，並尋找更為適配的模型以發展相關理論。本研究以工作壓力來源為中介變數，認為主管對部屬創新的期許將造成部屬的工作壓力來源，進而對最終部屬的創新及離職傾向產生影響。 本研究為求同時重視主管對部屬的期許及部屬對於期許的覺察，因此採用對偶式問卷，研究對象為台灣人口主要就業的第一級及第三級產業為主，採用立意抽樣方式，基層以上的主管及其所帶領之部屬填答問卷，一位主管需挑選一位部屬填寫。 本研究能在未來管理實務方面，提供企業中各階級的主管更良好的領導方式，取代過往傳統的批評及責備的領導風格，對所帶領的部屬採取讚賞、支持以及認同的態度，如此一來，部屬也會因為受到主管的肯定，進升提升自身的動機與自信，方能使創新增加及降低其離職意願。而研究結果顯示， 1. 部屬覺察主管的正向畢馬龍效應會促進部屬的創新。 2. 部屬覺察主管的正向畢馬龍效應會降低部屬的離職傾向。 3. 部屬覺察主管的正向畢馬龍領效應會減低部屬工作壓力源。 4. 部屬工作壓力源會促進部屬離職傾向。 5. 部屬工作壓力源對部屬覺察主管的正向畢馬龍效應及部屬離職傾向之間具有中介效果。
並列摘要
According to the Pygmalion effect related researches in the past years, the supervisors’ expectation will influence their subordinates’ performance, creativity and turnover intention. Because the working environment is more complex, we have to dicuss more about the Pygmalion effect in managemet. Also, this study puts subordinates’ work stressors as mediators in this research to know their influences on subordinates’ creativity and turnover intention. This study also uses dual-questionnaires to understand the supervisors’ expectation on their subordinates’ performance and the subordinates’ perception of their supervisors’ expectation. The study population is comprised of manufacturing and service industry, and one supervisor has to choose one subordinate to fill in the questionaire. The major findings of this research are： 1.The subordinate perceives his supervisor’s positive Pygmalion effect on him will inhance his creativity. 2.The subordinate perceives his supervisor’s positive Pygmalion effect on him will decrease his turnover intention. 3.The subordinate perceives his supervisor’s positive Pygmalion effect on him will decrease his negative feelings of working stressors. 4.The subordinate’s working stressors will inhance his turnover intention. 5.The relationship between subordinate perceives his supervisor’s positive Pygmalion effect and his turnover intention are mediated by his working stressors.