- 學位論文
離開還是留下: 亨利‧易卜生《玩偶之家》中女性的社會情況
To Leave or To Stay: Women’s Social Condition in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House
摘要
亨利‧易卜生的《玩偶之家》描述諾拉，原是一個快樂的妻子，在意識到丈夫對她的控制後而覺醒，並決定離家去尋找自我價值。然而諾拉的好友，林德太太，擁有獨立的收入，卻決定再婚來填補單身生活時心中的空虛。這兩位主角的經歷反映出當時女性在家中及社會的困境，但她們截然不同的決定卻使得從束縛解放的意義變得模糊不清。因此藉由分析易卜生《玩偶之家》中的諾拉和林德太太，此論文試著探討十九世紀中女性的社會狀況，並分成兩個章節來討論這齣戲劇。第一章會檢視十九世紀傳統社會對於女性的束縛，從西蒙‧波娃在《第二性》中對女性的觀察進而了解作為一個女人的困境。第二章則分析劇中有爭議性的獨立意義；從比較諾拉和林德太太所做的決定去發現對女性而言什麼才是真正的解放和獨立。透過這些討論，此論文可以了解女性困境所在，及在被束縛的生活當中，女性的生存之道。
並列摘要
Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House describes Nora, a happy wife, awakes to her husband’s manipulation on her, and she decides to leave in order to search her own values in the society. However, Nora’s friend, Mrs. Linden, who has independent income, decides to embrace the marriage again to fulfill with her feeling of emptiness in her single days. Both of their experiences reflect the predicaments of women in the family and society, but their different decisions make the meaning of emancipation ambiguous. Hence, by analyzing Nora and Mrs. Linden in Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, this thesis attempts to investigate women’s social conditions in the nineteenth century. It is divided into two chapters to discuss this play. Chapter One is to survey the constraint of a traditional society on women in the nineteenth century. With Simon de Beauvoir’s observations of women in The Second Sex, the first chapter is to reveal the difficulties of being a woman. Chapter Two is to question the controversial meaning of independence. By comparing different decisions between Nora and Mrs. Linden, this chapter is to explain what the true emancipation and independence is to women. Through the discussions in these two chapters, this thesis can discover women’s predicaments and the existence of survival in the life of constraint.