不同背景民眾對濕地保育環境素養表現之探討

全球氣候的變遷衝擊原有的生態平衡，對生物多樣性造成影響，濕地提供了適合各種物種生存的環境，保護和恢復濕地有助於維持和提升生物多樣性。濕地保育在於提升環境素養觀念，增加濕地保育認知，進而改變態度影響行為。期盼民眾建立正確的濕地保育觀念，培養對生物棲息地多樣性的包容態度，並透過行動來保護自然環境資源，加強對環境的關注和尊重，進而提升對濕地保育之環境素養，使濕地環境更臻完善。因此，本研究旨在探討不同背景民眾對濕地保育環境素養之表現，目的在瞭解中都濕地遊客對濕地保育認知、濕地保育態度與濕地保育行為意圖之現況，並分析不同背景變項的民眾在濕地保育認知、態度與行為意圖的差異情形，最後探討濕地保育認知、態度與行為意圖之關聯性。本研究採用問卷調查法進行研究，以研究者修訂編製「濕地保育認知」、「濕地保育態度」、「濕地保育行為意圖」表現之調查問卷，作為本研究的主要研究工具。資料處理採用的統計分析項目，包括描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關分析等，以統計軟體SPSS23進行資料分析。研究結果顯示，不同背景民眾以女性、51~60歲、大學學歷、工商服務自由業、住高雄市及未曾參加過濕地保育相關活動的民眾居多。在濕地保育認知現況分析，結果顯示整體平均值為4.57，表示民眾認同程度具有中高程度認同；在濕地保育態度現況分析，結果顯示整體平均值為4.68，表示民眾認同程度具有中高程度認同；在濕地保育行為意圖現況分析，結果顯示整體平均值為4.30，表示民眾認同程度具有中高程度認同。不同背景變項的民眾在濕地保育認知方面，不同「居住地區」上有顯著差異；在濕地保育態度方面，不同「教育程度」和「居住地區」上有顯著差異；在濕地保育行為意圖方面，不同「年齡」、「教育程度」和「是否參加過濕地保育活動」有顯著差異。依據Pearson相關係數檢驗，濕地保育認知、濕地保育態度、濕地保育行為意圖彼此具有相關性，其中以「濕地保育認知」對「濕地保育態度」相關強度最強。本研究依據調查分析結果提出對後續研究者之建議，提供相關主管機關作為後續辦理環境教育以及研擬濕地保育計畫等活動之參考。

關鍵字

濕地；濕地保育認知；濕地保育態度；濕地保育行為意圖

並列摘要

Global climate change hasimpacted the original ecological balance and affected biodiversity. Wetlandsprovide an environment suitable for the survival of various species. Protectingand restoring wetlands helps maintain and enhance biodiversity. Wetlandconservation aims to enhance the concept of environmental literacy, increaseawareness of wetland conservation, and then change attitudes and influencebehavior. It is hoped that the public will establish a correct concept ofwetland conservation, cultivate an inclusive attitude towards the diversity ofbiological habitats, protect natural environmental resources through actions,strengthen attention and respect for the environment, and then improve theenvironmental literacy of wetland conservation, so that wetlands Theenvironment is more perfect. Therefore, this study aims to explore theperformance of people with different backgrounds in environmental literacy ofwetland conservation. The purpose is to understand the current situation ofZhongdu Wetland visitors’ cognition, attitude towards wetland conservation andbehavioral intentions of wetland conservation, and to analyze the effects ofvariables from different backgrounds. The differences in people’s cognition,attitude and behavioral intention on wetland conservation are discussed.Finally, the correlation between cognition, attitude and behavioral intentionon wetland conservation is discussed. This study uses a questionnaire surveymethod to conduct research. The researcher revised and compiled a questionnaireon the performance of "wetland conservation awareness", "wetlandconservation attitude", and "wetland conservation behavioralintention" as the main research tool of this study. The statisticalanalysis items used in data processing include descriptive statistics,independent sample t-test, single-factor variance analysis, Pearsonproduct-difference correlation analysis, etc. The statistical software SPSS23was used for data analysis. Research results show that the majority of peoplefrom different backgrounds are female, 51 to 60 years old, have a universitydegree, are in the free trade industry, live in Kaohsiung City, and have neverparticipated in activities related to wetland conservation. In the analysis ofthe current awareness of wetland conservation, the results show that theoverall average is 4.57, indicating that the public's recognition level ismedium to high. In the analysis of the current attitude towards wetlandconservation, the results show that the overall average is 4.68, indicating thatthe public's recognition is medium to high. ; In the analysis of the currentstatus of behavioral intentions for wetland conservation, the results show thatthe overall average is 4.30, indicating that the public's recognition level ismedium to high. People with different background variables have significantdifferences in their awareness of wetland conservation in different"residential areas"; in terms of attitudes toward wetlandconservation, there are significant differences in different "educationallevels" and "residential areas"; in terms of behavioralintentions for wetland conservation , there are significant differences amongdifferent "age", "education level" and "whether theyhave participated in wetland conservation activities". According to thePearson correlation coefficient test, wetland conservation cognition, wetlandconservation attitude, and wetland conservation behavioral intention arecorrelated with each other. Among them, "wetland conservationcognition" has the strongest correlation with "wetland conservationattitude". Based on the results of the survey and analysis, this studyputs forward suggestions for subsequent researchers and provides relevantauthorities with reference for subsequent activities such as environmentaleducation and wetland conservation plan development.