摘要
本文主要目的是設計製造出一顆可用於機器視覺檢測設備的遠心鏡頭。首先參考一顆市購遠心鏡頭的部份初始結構即內部透鏡的曲率、半徑；再將此兩項資料輸入至光學設計軟體OpTaliX進行優化設計而得出透鏡的材質和各透鏡之間的間距。利用光學傳遞函數(MTF)來評估遠心鏡頭是否合格，最後把光學系統圖以DXF格式輸出至AutoCAD繪圖軟體設計壓圈、間隔環、鏡筒並以車床加工出此三項配件。 光學元件的加工技術是本文另外著墨的重點，故將設計完成的光學系統所有透鏡以元件圖輸出拿至光學加工廠經選材、切割、滾圓、成形、研磨、拋光、定心、鍍膜共八道加工程序生產出五片透鏡。將透鏡和壓圈、間隔環、鏡筒進行試組裝若沒有產生干涉問題則將鋁製配件表面做黑色霧面陽極處理。配件完成表處後，接下來是進行組裝。用丙酮把所有透鏡表面擦拭乾淨，以吸筆吸住透鏡依序鏡筒內，再用夾子放入間隔環，最後將內牙壓圈鎖緊固定再點上螺紋固定膠防止鬆動而完成鏡頭的組裝工作。 最後是以功能性的測試來判定遠心鏡頭的性能，將鏡頭架設在實驗室自行開發的機器視覺量測系統對公制M2的外六角螺帽的外觀尺寸進行量測。分析螺帽實測之數據的結果顯示此遠心鏡頭GRR都小於10%，是符合業界對儀器的驗收需求。另外一項實驗是利用自動對焦技術對遠心鏡頭的景深進行量測，結果顯示為3mm左右。
並列摘要
The purpose of this thesis is to design and manufacture a Telencetric Lens used in the machine vision measurement system. Firstly, acquiring the curve and radius of five pieces lenses referred from a commercial Telecentric Lens were input to the optical simulation of the OpTaliX software system to get the optimum geometric dimensions and materials of all lenses. After the MTF performance evaluation, the drawing of the designed Telecentric lens was exported to AutoCAD drawing tool for designing the cylinder, retainer, screw and spacer of lens tube. Another work of this thesis is to practically manufacture these designed optical spare parts through the eight manufacture processes as selecting material, Cutting, Grinding round shapes, Curvature generation, lapping, Polishing, Centering, Coating. Finally, the image quality of the Telecentric Lens was evaluated by measuring nuts dimensions. Another, an auto-focusing machine vision technique was used to get the deep of filed of this designed lens . The results of the lens focus depth is about 3mm. The experimental results of practically measuring nuts dimension, the Gauge-Repeatability- Reproducibility is under 10% which can meet the demand of the industrial measuring standard.