摘要
AB 血型系統是目前在貓最重要的血型系統，包括 A、B 及 AB 三種血型。A 型與 B 型貓血漿中皆會自然產生對抗外來血型的同種異體抗體 ( alloantibody )，此抗體會引起輸入的紅血球過早被破壞吞噬，在臨床上引發嚴重的輸血反應 ( transfusion reaction ) 與新生兒同質異型紅血球溶解症 ( neonatal isoerythrolysis；NI )。貓的血型分佈比例因品種和地理位置而異，因此本研究調查台灣家庭飼養貓之血型，並與世界各國之調查結果比較，同時評估其發生 NI 及血型不合輸血之風險。本研究以商品化貓血型快速診斷套組檢測血型，共調查家貓 199 例，其中非純種貓佔 80.4 ％ ( 160/199 )，純種貓佔 19.6 ％ ( 39/199 )。結果顯示，非純種貓95.6 ％ ( 153/160 ) 為 A 型，3.8 ％ ( 6/160 ) 為 B 型，0.6 ％ ( 1/160 ) 為 AB 型；波斯貓88.9 ％ ( 8/9 ) 為 A 型，11.1 ％ ( 1/9 ) 為 B 型；阿比西尼亞貓75.0 ％ ( 4/5 ) 為 A 型，25.0 ％ ( 1/5 ) 為 B 型；其餘品種貓隻皆為 A 型。在非純種貓，NI 發生率為 3.7 ％。所有貓隻若不分品種隨機輸血，發生在 A 型與 B 型受血貓血型不合之輸血機率分別為 4.3 ％ 與 3.8 ％。台灣非純種家貓之血型仍以 A 型為主，臨床上若遇到 B 型受血貓應謹慎防範致死性輸血反應的發生。
並列摘要
The AB blood group system including blood types A, B, and AB is the most significant system in cats. Naturally occurring alloantibodies in both type A and type B cats against foreign blood types are responsible for the premature destruction of transfused red cells, clinically showing the severe transfusion reactions and neonatal isoerythrolysis ( NI ). The blood type distribution in cats varies from geographic regions and breeds. Therefore, this study was to investigate blood types among domestic cats in Taiwan, to compare with relevant global studies, and further to estimate the risk of NI and unmatched transfusions. In this study, commercial blood typing kits were used to determine the blood types of 199 cats including 80.4 ％ ( 160/199 ) non-pedigree cats and 19.6 ％ ( 39/199 ) pedigree cats. Of the non-pedigree cats, 95.6 ％ ( 153/160 ) were type A, while 3.8 ％ ( 6/160 ) were type B and 0.6 ％ ( 1/160 ) was type AB. Of the Persian cats, 88.9 ％ ( 8/9 ) were type A and 11.1 ％ ( 1/9 ) was type B, while of the Abyssinian cats, 75.0 ％ ( 4/5 ) were type A and 25.0 ％ ( 1/5 ) was type B. The other breeds of cats were all type A. The proportion of random matings from the non-pedigree cats at risk for NI was 3.7 ％. The probability of random transfusions giving rise to an incompatible blood transfusion in a type A or B recipient cat was 4.3 ％ and 3.8 ％, respectively. The majority of non-pedigree cats in Taiwan were type A. Clinically, to avoid a fatal transfusion reaction in a type B recipient cat is relatively vital.