- 學位論文
豬瘟疫苗免疫計畫之成效研究
Evaluation of vaccination program for classical swine fever vaccine
摘要
中文摘要 學號：N9516011 論文名稱：豬瘟疫苗免疫計畫之成效研究 總頁數：67頁 學校名稱：國立屏東科技大學 系(所)別：獸醫學系 畢業時間及摘要別：101學年度第2學期碩士學位論文摘要 研究生：謝明利 指導教授：邱明堂 論文摘要內容： 豬瘟（classical swine fever；CSF）是由Flaviviridae中之Pestivirus所引起的一種高度傳染性疾病，本病之防治以疫苗免疫為主。為探討豬瘟疫苗不同免疫方式及免疫劑量之免疫成效，本研究分成六部份進行。第一部份：針對10場採用1日齡仔豬鼠蹊部皮下免疫法之豬場，每場逢機挑選4及12週齡各12隻豬隻採集血液。第二部份：於2場豬場各選取42頭仔豬，依疫苗免疫時間及免疫途徑分成6組，所有試驗豬隻於3、4、6、9、12、15、20及25週齡採集血液。第三部份：取15頭新生仔豬逢機分成3組，豬隻於出生後6、9及12小時採集血液。第四部份：選取48頭仔豬，依疫苗免疫時間、途徑及劑量分成4組，所有試驗豬隻於3、6、9、12、及15週齡採集血液。第五部份：於一豬瘟污染場選取28頭仔豬使用1日齡鼠蹊部皮下免疫並於4週齡時補強一劑豬瘟疫苗，試驗豬隻於3、4、6、9、12、15、20及25週齡採集血液。第六部份：於2場有多重病原性疾病感染豬場分別選取32頭仔豬，逢機分成2組，1組於原豬場飼養，另1組於離乳後移至正壓試驗豬場飼養，兩組豬隻於6及9週齡時分別以肌肉免疫豬瘟疫苗一劑量，所有試驗豬隻於4、6、9、12及15週齡採集血液。上述六部份試驗所採集之豬隻血液，均以IDEXX ELISA法檢測豬瘟抗體力價。試驗結果第一部份：5場使用1日齡仔豬鼠蹊皮下注射法之豬場，12週齡時4場之Blocking%高於56±2 ( 約為中和 抗體64倍 )，1場之Blocking%為41.8±27.3 ( 約為中和抗體16倍 )。5場使用1日齡仔豬鼠蹊部皮下注射法及4週齡肌肉免疫注射補強之豬場， 12週齡時4場之Blocking%高於62±2 ( 約為中和抗體128倍 )，1場之Blocking%為59.4±29.5。第二部份：A場哺乳前肌肉免疫組及哺乳前肌肉免疫加4週齡肌肉免疫組，抗體反應最佳，直至25週齡其Blocking%值均高於68 ( 約為中和抗體256倍以上 )；1日齡仔豬鼠蹊部皮下免疫加4週齡肌肉免疫組，豬隻於15週齡前其豬瘟抗體表現與前述2組之免疫成效相似。B場哺乳前肌肉免疫組、哺乳前肌肉免疫加4週齡肌肉免疫組、1日齡仔豬鼠蹊部皮下免疫組及1日齡仔豬鼠蹊部皮下免疫加4週齡肌肉免疫組直至25週齡其Blocking%值均高於70。第三部份：仔豬出生後6、9及12小時之移行抗體Blocking%值為84.9至91.2 ( 約為中和抗體1024倍 )。第四部份：仔豬 1日齡時分別由鼠蹊部皮下注射2劑量、以肌肉注射1劑量及以肌肉注射2劑量豬瘟疫苗組至15週齡時抗體Blocking%值分別保持在60-70之間、 45.6及 16.5 ( 約為中和抗體0 )。第五部份：豬隻於6、9、12、15、20及25週齡時之Blocking%值則分別70.3、52.7、40、45.4、35.3及42.5%。第六部份：二家試驗豬場之原地飼養組及正壓豬舍飼養組於各時間點之豬瘟抗體力價均無顯著差異。綜合本研究之各試驗結果，如能落實哺乳前豬瘟疫苗肌肉免疫，只需施打一劑即可有良好之保護效力，而施行1日齡仔豬鼠蹊皮下免疫一劑及4週齡肌肉免疫補強一劑，亦可以達到理想的豬瘟免疫效果，而1日齡肌肉注射豬瘟疫苗之效果不佳。至於豬場內多重病原之感染對豬群之豬瘟抗體生成無明顯影響。 關鍵詞：豬瘟、免疫計畫、皮下注射法
並列摘要
Abstract Student ID：N9516011 Title of thesis：Evaluation of vaccination program for classical swine fever vaccine Total page：67 Name of Institute：Graduate Institute of Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Graduate date：June, 2013 Degree Conferred：Master Name of student：Ming-Li Hsieh Adviser：Ming-Tang Chiou The contents of abstract in this thesis： Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious and economically significant viral disease in pigs. Classification of the causative agent family flaviviridae, genus pestivirus, and one serotype is divided into three major genotypes and ten subtypes. Newborn nursing piglets not only interfere with the maternal antibody of classical swine fever, but also, despite a perfectly suitable vaccination program CSF has not been eliminated in Taiwan. The objectives of this study were to examine investigate the influence of the immunity response in different vaccination programs. There were ten pig farms in the first trial. In this trial, the piglets were subcutaneously vaccinated with classical swine fever vaccine at one day old, and following random sampling of 12 piglets’ blood from each farm at 4 and 12 weeks old, these blood samples were tested with IDEXX ELISA®. The results revealed the classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers in 12 week old piglets exceeded 56±2 (neutralization antibody 64×) on four pig farms, and 41.8±27.3 (neutralization antibody 16×) on one pig farm. Further, the blocking% antibody titers of 12 week old piglets exceeded 62±2 (neutralization antibody 128×) on fore pig farms, and 59.4±29.5 on one pig farm. Those piglets were given a booster intramuscular injection at fore weeks old. In trial two, 84 piglets were fed on two pig farms and divided into six groups. The piglets were vaccinated with different modes and sampled at 3, 4, 6, 12, 15, 20 and 25weeks old, respectively. The results revealed, for the piglets were vaccinated vaccine at 0 days old (before ingesting colostrums) with an intramuscular injection and at fore weeks old with a booster intramuscular injection, the classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers of 25 week old piglets were exceeded 68 (about neutralization antibody 256×) on farm A. For piglets vaccinated at 0 days old with an intramuscular injection and at four weeks old with a booster intramuscular injection, as well as piglets subcutaneously vaccinated at one day old and at four weeks old with a booster intramuscular injection, the classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers of 25 week old piglets exceeded 70 on farm B. The third trial evaluating newborn nursing piglets’ maternal antibody of classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers of piglets at 6, 9 and 12 hours old were from 84.9 to 91.2 (about neutralization antibody 1024×) and maintained to 12 hours old. Trial four examined 28 piglets divided into four groups. The piglets were vaccinated with different vaccination modes, including two doses of vaccine at one day old administered subcutaneously, one intramuscular injection vaccine at one day old, and two intramuscular injection vaccines at one day old , followed by sampling at 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 20 and 25 weeks old. The results revealed the classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers of piglets at 15 weeks old were 60-70, 45.6 and 16.5. Trial five tested for classical swine fever in 28 farm piglets and also tested the antibody of classical swine fever reaction following vaccination. Piglets were subcutaneously vaccinated at one day old and at four weeks old with a booster intramuscular injection. The results of the classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers in piglets at 6, 9, 12, 15 and 20 weeks old were 70.3, 52.7, 40, 45.4, 35.3 and 42.5, respectively. Moreover, the two groups testing 32 piglets were fed on a traditional pig farm and a positive pressed room. They were vaccinated at 6 weeks old and given a booster intramuscular injection at 9 weeks old. The results revealed the classical swine fever blocking% antibody titers were similar and not significantly different from 4 to 15 weeks old. In summary, the results of the studies indicated piglets subcutaneously vaccinated with 1 dose of CSF vaccine at 0 days old (before ingesting colostrums), or piglets subcutaneously vaccinated at one day old with an injection and at four weeks old with a booster intramuscular injection, resulted in perfect protection from CSF virus infection. Key words：Classical swine fever, vaccination program, subcutaneous injection