摘要
本論文目的在於應用有限元素分析法探討T形管之管件液壓成形，主要工作在於建立有限元素分析模型、材料機械性質測試、T形管液壓成形實驗及厚度最佳化之控制程式撰寫。應用電腦輔助分析軟體ANSYS建構有限元素模型，模型包含圓管、模具及支管頂桿，其中圓管為不銹鋼SUS304材質及模具是採用工具鋼之SKD11材質，材料取自於管件及平板，利用拉伸試驗取得材料機械性質與工程應力應變曲線，分析所採用之真實應力應變曲線由工程應力應變曲線透過轉換後取得。分析模型採用之冪次指數塑性材料模組與多段線性塑性模組皆屬於非線性可塑性材料。模型邊界條件之負載路徑包含管件內部壓力及軸向側缸進給量由T形管液壓成形實驗所取得。液壓成形模擬過程採用ANSYS/LS-DYNA為求解器，並且以程式語言軟體Dev-C++撰寫副控程式，偵測管件厚度及截面節點斜率變化進行最佳化負載路徑之控制。最後將實驗之T形管件成品利用線切割剖開，並且量測其各截面厚度及幾何外形尺寸與分析得到之結果做比對，得到較佳之厚度分佈與幾何外形尺寸。
並列摘要
The objective of this research is to investigate the tube hydroforming (THF) of T-shape joint by using the finite element analysis (FEA). The working tasks include the finite element modeling, test of material properties, experiment of T-shape THF, programming of thickness optimization. A commercial code ANSYS is used to develop the finite element model (FEM). The FEM including a circular tube, model and counter is first established. The circular tube is made by stainless steel (SUS 304) and the mold is made by tooling steel (SKD11). Tensile test is performed to obtain the full engineering stress-strain curve of the materials. The test specimens are cut from both the plate and the tube. The true engineering stress-strain curve of the materials is then computed and entered into the software. Power law model and piecewise linear plasticity model are used to model the nonlinear behavior of the material plasticity. The loading conditions including internal pressure and axial feeding are directly measured from the experiment of T-shape THF, and then applied to the tube model. The solver ANSYS/LS-DYNA is used to simulate the process of THF. The optimization control is performed to detect the thickness and deformation slope of the tube by using the Dev-C++ programming. Finally, the real T-shape joint is cut and its thickness is measured in comparison to the simulation.